Journal of Nutrition and Health

  • 제57권1호
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  • Pages.65-74
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  • 2024
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  • 2288-3886(pISSN)
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  • 2288-3959(eISSN)
한국영양학회 (The Korean Nutrition Society)
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Correlation between sodium intake and obesity with related factors among Koreans: a cross-sectional study on dietary intake and eating habits

  • Ji-Sook Park (Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University) ;
  • Hina Akbar (Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology, Changwon National University) ;
  • Jung-Eun Yim (Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University)
  • 투고 : 2023.11.13
  • 심사 : 2024.02.07
  • 발행 : 2024.02.28
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초록

Purpose: Sodium is essentially required for homeostasis and physiological functions, but excessive sodium consumption increases the risk of obesity and other chronic disorders. Korean studies on the sodium-obesity relationship are limited, and thus, this study was undertaken to determine the nature of the relationship between sodium intake and obesity in Korean adults. Methods: Forty-two participants were divided into 2 groups according to body mass index (BMI, non-obese BMI < 25 kg/m2, obese BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Dietary intakes and eating habits were analyzed using 3-day food records and a food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric data were obtained from bioimpedance results, and fasting glucose and lipid levels were measured. Results: Mean weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, and body fat mass were greater in the obese group than in the non-obese group for men and women. Skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass were higher in obese women than in non-obese women. Biochemical data were no different in these two subgroups except triglycerides (TGs), which were higher in obese women. Nutrient intakes were not significantly different in obese and non-obese groups. However, obese men consumed excessive sodium, while obese women consumed slightly more than non-obese women. Obese men preferred salty foods and tended to overeat. Positive correlations were found between sodium intake and weight in men and percent body fat mass (PBFM) in women. Correlation analysis (adjusted for energy intake) of the relation between sodium intake and obesity-related factors showed sodium intake was positively correlated with PBFM and TG in women. Conclusion: This anthropometric and biochemical data analysis emphasizes the need for awareness and interventions to mitigate the health risks of elevated sodium consumption. Our findings should aid future studies on the relationship between sodium and obesity and contribute to preventing and managing this metabolic condition.

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과제정보

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. RS-2023-00242278).

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