Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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The Harmful Cyanobacteria Occurrence and Cyanotoxins Concentration in Agricultural Reservoirs

농업용 저수지의 유해 남조류 발생 및 조류독소 농도 현황

  • Minju Kim (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Jiwon Kang (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Seong-min Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Young-Kee Kim (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University)
  • 김민주 (한경국립대학교 화학공학전공, 화학기술연구소) ;
  • 강지원 (한경국립대학교 화학공학전공, 화학기술연구소) ;
  • 이성민 (한경국립대학교 화학공학전공, 화학기술연구소) ;
  • 김영기 (한경국립대학교 화학공학전공, 화학기술연구소)
  • Received : 2024.08.04
  • Accepted : 2024.12.09
  • Published : 2024.12.31
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Abstract

The occurrence of cyanobacteria and the formation of cyanotoxins in lakes and reservoirs are influenced by many environmental factors. In this study, the harmful cyanobacteria occurrence and cyanotoxins concentrations was investigated in three agricultural reservoirs in the southern Gyeonggi-do in 2023. Although harmful cyanobacteria growth and cyanotoxins formation are influenced by various environmental factors in the actual ecosystem, the cell density of harmful cyanobacteria reached its maximum in September when the water temperature was relatively high, and the highest cyanotoxins (microcystin and anatoxin-a) concentrations were observed in October when the water temperature dropped to the range of 20~23℃. From this investigation, harmful cyanobacteria blooms and cyanotoxins residence in investigated three agricultural reservoirs was observed.

우리나라에서 여름철에 조류 대발생으로 인하여 수환경 오염과 물을 이용하는 사람과 동물에 대한 위해 가능성이 점점 증가하고 있다. 근래에는 조류 발생 시기에 남조류 발생이 빈번하게 관찰되고 있고, 이 중 독성물질을 생산하는 것으로 알려져 있는 유해 남조류의 발생이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 신경독성 또는 간독소인 조류독소의 수계 내 존재가 일부 확인되어 이 물을 이용하는 사람들에게 우려를 자아내고 있다. 음용수로 활용되는 수계의 유해 남조류 발생과 조류독소 잔류에 대해서는 많은 관심이 집중되고 있어 관련 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있으나, 농업과 가축 사육을 위해 사용되는 농업용 저수지에 대한 조사는 상대적으로 미진한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 경기도 남부권에서 현재 농업용으로 활용 되고 있는 세 곳의 저수지를 대상으로 유해 남조류의 발생과 조류독소 농도 분석을 2023년 6월부터 10월에 거쳐 수행하였다. 유해 남조류는 9월에 조사대상 모두에서 친수활동구간에 대한 조류경보제 발령 기준 "관심" 단계(4종 유해 남조류 합계 2.0×104 cells mL-1)에 해당하였고, 그 외 시기에도 상당한 유해 남조류가 관찰되었다. 마이크로시스틴과 아나톡신 등 조류독소는 조사대상 기간 중 존재가 확인되는 시기가 많았으며, 특히 9월과 10월에 가장 높은 농도로 존재하는 경향을 보였다. 하지만, WHO 권고 기준으로 사용되는 총 마이크로스시틴 농도 1 ㎍ L-1를 초과하지는 않았다(WHO, 2020). 본 연구의 결과는 음용수 등으로 인간에게 직접 활용되지는 않지만 농업과 축산을 통해 간접적으로 인간에게 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 농업용 저수지의 수질이 유해 남조류에 의해 악화가 일어나고 있으며, 이에 대한 체계적인 조사와 대응방안의 마련이 필요함을 보여주고 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원의 수생태계 건강성 확보 기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 연구 되었습니다 (과제번호 2020003030001).

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