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경제지표를 활용한 다중선형회귀 모델 기반 국제 휘발유 가격 예측

A study of Predicting International Gasoline Prices based on Multiple Linear Regression with Economic Indicators

  • 한명은 (서울여자대학교 데이터과학전공) ;
  • 김지연 (서울여자대학교 디지털미디어학과) ;
  • 이현희 (서울여자대학교 데이터과학전공) ;
  • 김세인 (서울여자대학교 데이터사이언스학과) ;
  • 박민서 (서울여자대학교 데이터사이언스학과)
  • 투고 : 2023.10.05
  • 심사 : 2023.11.05
  • 발행 : 2024.01.31

초록

국내 석유 시장은 국제 석유 가격의 변동에 매우 민감하기 때문에 그 변동성에 대한 파악과 대처가 중요하다. 특히, 높은 소비량을 보이는 휘발유의 가격이 어떠한 요인에 인해 변화하는지 명확하게 파악하는 것이 필요하다. 국제 휘발유 가격은 휘발유 수급, 지정학적 사건, 미국 달러화 가치 변동 등 글로벌 요인에 영향을 받는다. 그러나 기존의 연구들은 휘발유의 수급에만 초점에 맞추어 진행하였다는 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 머신러닝 기반의 회귀 모델을 활용하여 거시적 경제지표와 국제 휘발유 가격 간의 인과관계를 탐색한다. 첫째, 다양한 세계 경제지표 데이터를 수집한다. 둘째, 데이터 전처리를 진행한다. 셋째, 다중선형회귀, Ridge 회귀, Lasso(Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) 회귀 모델을 활용하여 모델링한다. 실험 결과, 테스트 데이터 셋에서 다중선형회귀 모델이 가장 높은 정확도(97.3%)를 보였다. 우리는 국제 휘발유 가격의 예측은 국내 경제 안정성과 에너지 정책 결정에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

The domestic petroleum market is highly sensitive to changes in international oil prices. So, it is important to identify and respond to those changes. In particular, it is necessary to clearly understand the factors causing the price fluctuations of gasoline, which exhibits high consumption. International gasoline prices are influenced by global factors such as gasoline supplies, geopolitical events, and fluctuations in the U.S. dollar. However, previous studies have only focused on gasoline supplies. In this study, we explore the causal relationship between economic indicators and international gasoline prices using various machine learning-based regression models. First, we collect data on various global economic indicators. Second, we perform data preprocessing. Third, we model using Multiple linear regression, Ridge regression, and Lasso(Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) regression. The multiple linear regression model showed the highest accuracy at 96.73% in test sets. As a result, Our Multiple linear regression model showed the highest accuracy at 96.73% in test sets. We will expect that our proposed model will be helpful for domestic economic stability and energy policy decisions.

키워드

참고문헌

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