Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Comparison of Fish Community Structure and Mortality by Fyke Net Mesh Size and Retrieval Frequency

정치망 망목 및 정치시간에 따른 어류군집 구조와 어류 폐사율 비교

  • Received : 2024.09.13
  • Accepted : 2024.10.10
  • Published : 2024.12.31
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Abstract

This study compared and analyzed fish communities and mortality rates based on different survey methods (mesh size and retrieval frequency) of stationary nets, which are actively used in freshwater fish surveys in Korea, and proposed an appropriate survey method. Field surveys were conducted on the mainstream of the Nakdong River from May to June 2022 through a total of 10 times of fyke net surveys. The number of species and individuals collected varied significantly depending on the mesh size of the net (5 mm vs. 15 mm) (P<0.001), and larger species with an average total length of over 9 cm were mainly collected in the 15 mm mesh. However, the number of species (P=0.684) and individuals (P=0.100) collected did not show statistically significant differences depending on retrieval frequency (once/24 hours vs. twice/24 hours). In contrast, the mortality rate of fish differed based on all survey methods (mesh size, P<0.001; retrieval frequency, P<0.05), with mortality decreasing as the mesh size increased and retrieval frequency increased. Fyke nets are one of the standard fishing gears used in freshwater fish research in Korea, and to ensure species diversity, it is recommended to maintain the current standard mesh size of 5 mm. However, reducing the current 48-hour deployment time or increasing the retrieval frequency could lower the mortality rate. Furthermore, future research should focus on the differences in fish communities based on the combination of fishing gears commonly used in Korea to improve fish survey methodologies suitable for domestic freshwater environments.

본 연구는 국내 담수어류 조사에서 활발하게 이용되는 정치망 어구의 조사 방법(망목 크기, 수거 횟수)에 따른 어류군집과 폐사율을 비교 분석하고 적절한 조사 방법을 제시하였다. 현장조사는 낙동강 본류(강정고령보 인근)에서 2022년 5~6월 총 10회의 정치망 조사를 통해 결과를 비교하였다. 정치망의 망목 크기(5 mm vs. 15 mm)에 따라 채집되는 종수 및 개체수는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타냈으며(P<0.001), 15 mm 망목에서는 평균 전장 9 cm 이상의 크기가 큰 종이 주로 채집되었다. 수거 횟수(1회/24시간 vs. 2회/24시간)에 따른 채집 종수(P=0.684) 및 개체수(P=0.100)는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 반면, 어류의 폐사율은 모든 조사 방법에 따라 차이를 보였으며(망목, P<0.001; 수거 횟수, P<0.05), 망목이 클수록, 수거 횟수가 많을수록 폐사율이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 정치망은 국내 담수어류 연구에서 표준 어구로 사용되는 어구 중 하나로 종 다양성 확보를 목적으로 현재 기준으로 적용되는 5 mm 망목의 크기를 유지하되 어류의 기존의 48시간 거치 시간을 감소하거나, 수거 횟수를 증가시켜 폐사율을 낮출 수 있다. 또한 향후에는 국내에서 주로 사용하는 어구의 조합에 따른 어류군집의 차이를 연구하여 국내 담수 환경에 적합한 어류 조사 방법론을 개선해 나갈 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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