DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Transforming Patient Health Management: Insights from Explainable AI and Network Science Integration

  • Received : 2024.01.17
  • Accepted : 2024.02.11
  • Published : 2024.02.29

Abstract

This study explores the integration of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and network science in healthcare, focusing on enhancing healthcare data interpretation and improving diagnostic and treatment methods. Key methodologies like Graph Neural Networks, Community Detection, Overlapping Network Models, and Time-Series Network Analysis are examined in depth for their potential in patient health management. The research highlights the transformative role of XAI in making complex AI models transparent and interpretable, essential for accurate, data-driven decision-making in healthcare. Case studies demonstrate the practical application of these methodologies in predicting diseases, understanding drug interactions, and tracking patient health over time. The study concludes with the immense promise of these advancements in healthcare, despite existing challenges, and underscores the need for ongoing research to fully realize the potential of AI in this field.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Semyung University Research Grant of 2022.

References

  1. D. Gunning and D. Aha, "DARPA's Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Program", AIMag, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 44-58, Jun. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v40i2.2850
  2. S. Lee, S. Kim, J. Lee, J. -Y. Kim, M. -H. Song and S. Lee, "Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Patient Safety: A Review of Application in Pharmacovigilance," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 50830-50840, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3271635
  3. A. Holzinger, et al., "Causability and explainability of artificial intelligence in medicine," Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Data Min. Knowl. Discov., vol. 9, no. 4, Art. no. e1312, 2019.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/widm.1312
  4. Barabasi, A.-L., & Posfai, M. Network science. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
  5. Newman, M.. Networks: an introduction. Oxford University Press, 2010.
  6. Bian J, Guo Y, Xie M, Parish AE, Wardlaw I, Brown R, Modave F, Zheng D, Perry TT, "Exploring the Association Between Self-Reported Asthma Impact and Fitbit-Derived Sleep Quality and Physical Activity Measures in Adolescents", JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2017;5(7):e105. DOI: doi: 10.2196/mhealth.7346
  7. Ching, T., Himmelstein, D. S., Beaulieu-Jones, B. K., Kalinin, A. A., Do, B. T., Way, G. P., ... & Greene, C. S. (2018). Opportunities and obstacles for deep learning in biology and medicine. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 15(141), 20170387
  8. Valente, T. W. Social networks and health: Models, methods, and applications. Oxford University Press. 2010.
  9. Parisot, S., et al. "Disease prediction using graph convolutional networks: Application to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Alzheimer's disease", Medical Image Analysis, 48, 117-130. 2018. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2018.06.001
  10. Kim, So Yeon. "Personalized Explanations for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease Using Explainable Graph Neural Networks with Population Graphs", Bioengineering 10, no. 6: 701. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060701
  11. Girvan, M., & Newman, M. E. J. "Community structure in social and biological networks". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(12), 7821-7826. 2002, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.122653799
  12. Shirazi, S., Albadvi, A., Akhondzadeh, E., Farzadfar, F., & Teimourpour, B. "A new application of community detection for identifying the real specialty of physicians", International journal of medical informatics, 140, 104161. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104161
  13. Kivela, M., et al. "Multilayer networks", Journal of complex networks, 2(3), 203-271, 2014.
  14. Ferdousi, R., Safdari, R., and Omidi, Y. "Computational Prediction of Drug-Drug Interactions Based on Drugs Functional Similarities", J. Biomed. Inform. 70, 54-64. 2017. DOI : https://doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2017.04.021
  15. Holme, P., & Saramaki, J. Temporal networks. Physics reports, 519(3), 97-125, 2012
  16. Cheng, F., Kovacs, I.A. & Barabasi, AL. "Network-based prediction of drug combinations", Nat Commun 10, 1197. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09186-x
  17. Rajkomar, A., et al. "Scalable and accurate deep learning with electronic health records", NPJ Digital Medicine, 1(1), 1-10. 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-018-0029-1
  18. Zhou, X., et al. "A systems approach to refine disease taxonomy by integrating phenotypic and molecular networks", EBioMedicine, 54, 102708, 2018. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.04.002
  19. Johnson, A. E. W., et al. "Machine learning and decision support in critical care", Proceedings of the IEEE, 104(2), 444-466. 2016.
  20. Obermeyer, Z., & Emanuel, E. J. "Predicting the future - big data, machine learning, and clinical medicine", The New England Journal of Medicine, 375(13), 1216-1219. 2016.
  21. Topol, E. J. Deep medicine: How artificial intelligence can make healthcare human again. Basic Books, 2019