From a Defecation Alert System to a Smart Bottle: Understanding Lean Startup Methodology from the Case of Startup "L"

배변알리미에서 스마트바틀 출시까지: 스타트업 L사 사례로 본 린 스타트업 실천방안

  • Sunkyung Park (Dept. of Entrepreneurship & Small Business, Soongsil University) ;
  • Ju-Young Park (Dept. of Entrepreneurship & Small Business, Soongsil University)
  • 박선경 (숭실대학교 벤처중소기업학과) ;
  • 박주영 (숭실대학교 벤처중소기업학과)
  • Received : 2023.07.13
  • Accepted : 2023.10.26
  • Published : 2023.10.31

Abstract

Lean startup is a concept that combines the words "lean," meaning an efficient way of running a business, and "startup," meaning a new business. It is often cited as a strategy for minimizing failure in early-stage businesses, especially in software-based startups. By scrutinizing the case of a startup L, this study suggests that lean startup methodology(LSM) can be useful for hardware and manufacturing companies and identifies ways for early startups to successfully implement LSM. To this end, the study explained the core of LSM including the concepts of hypothesis-driven approach, BML feedback loop, minimum viable product(MVP), and pivot. Five criteria to evaluate the successful implementation of LSM were derived from the core concepts and applied to evaluate the case of startup L . The early startup L pivoted its main business model from defecation alert system for patients with limited mobility to one for infants or toddlers, and finally to a smart bottle for infants. In developing the former two products, analyzed from LSM's perspective, company L neither established a specific customer value proposition for its startup idea and nor verified it through MVP experiment, thus failed to create a BML feedback loop. However, through two rounds of pivots, startup L discovered new target customers and customer needs, and was able to establish a successful business model by repeatedly experimenting with MVPs with minimal effort and time. In other words, Company L's case shows that it is essential to go through the customer-market validation stage at the beginning of the business, and that it should be done through an MVP method that does not waste the startup's time and resources. It also shows that it is necessary to abandon and pivot a product or service that customers do not want, even if it is technically superior and functionally complete. Lastly, the study proves that the lean startup methodology is not limited to the software industry, but can also be applied to technology-based hardware industry. The findings of this study can be used as guidelines and methodologies for early-stage companies to minimize failures and to accelerate the process of establishing a business model, scaling up, and going global.

린 스타트업은 효율적인 기업 운영 방식을 의미하는 '린(lean)'과 창업 초기기업을 의미하는 '스타트업(startup)'을 결합해 만들어진 개념으로 창업 초기기업, 특히 소프트웨어 기반 스타트업의 실패 최소화 전략으로 자주 인용되고 있다. 본 연구는 초기스타트업 L사의 사례를 통하여 하드웨어·제조업 기업도 린 스타트업 방법론(LSM)을 유용하게 활용할 수 있음을 제시하고, 초기 스타트업이 LSM을 성공적으로 실천하기 위한 방안을 도출하였다. 이를 위해 LSM의 핵심 개념인 가설중심의 접근법, BML 피드백 순환, 최소요건제품(MVP) 및 피봇을 설명하고, 이를 바탕으로 LSM의 성공적인 실천 여부를 평가할 수 있는 기준을 도출한 후 동 기준을 중심으로 L사의 사례를 분석하였다. L사는 거동불편환자용 배변알리미 제품에서 출발하여, 영유아용 배변알리미를 거쳐, 최종적으로는 영유아용 스마트바틀을 주력 제품으로 사업을 확장하고 있는 스타트업이다. LSM의 관점에서 분석한 결과, L사는 창업 초기에는 창업 아이디어를 구체적인 고객 가치가설로 수립하지 못했고, 신속한 MVP실험을 통해 검증하는 데에도 실패하였으므로 만들기-측정-학습의 순환을 만들어내는데 실패하였다. 그러나 두 차례에 걸친 피봇을 통해 새로운 타겟 고객군과 고객 니즈를 개발하였고, 이를 최소의 노력과 시간을 들인 MVP로 반복적으로 실험함으로써 성공적인 비즈니스모델을 도출할 수 있었다. L사의 사례를 통해 사업초기에 반드시 고객-시장 검증 단계를 거쳐야 하며, 이는 스타트업의 시간과 자원이 낭비되지 않는 MVP 방식으로 진행되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 고객이 원하지 않는 제품이나 서비스는 기술적으로 우수하고 기능적으로 완성도가 높다 하더라도 과감히 포기하고 피봇할 필요성이 있음도 확인하였다. 마지막으로 린 스타트업 방법론이 소프트웨어 산업에 국한되지 않고, 기술기반 제조업에도 적용 가능함을 증명하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 창업 초기기업이 실패를 최소화하고, 비즈니스모델 확립과 스케일업, 글로벌 진출에 이르는 과정을 가속화하기 위한 지침과 방법론으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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