DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Empowering Leadership on Adaptive Performance: The Mediating Effect of Job Challenge and the Moderating Effect of Agentic and Communal Traits

임파워링 리더십이 적응수행에 미치는 영향: 직무도전성의 매개 효과와 독자성·융화성 성향의 조절효과

  • 정선화 (한국기술교육대학교 테크노인력개발전문대학원) ;
  • 박은지 (한국기술교육대학교 테크노인력개발전문대학원) ;
  • 김혜연 (한국기술교육대학교 테크노인력개발전문대학원) ;
  • 박지환 (한국기술교육대학교 테크노인력개발전문대학원)
  • Received : 2023.08.31
  • Accepted : 2023.09.21
  • Published : 2023.09.30

Abstract

Purpose - This study examined the effect of empowering leadership on adaptive performance and verified the mediating effect of job challenge in the relationship between empowering leadership and adaptive performance. Additionally, this study investigated the moderating effect of agentic and communal traits in the relationship between supervisor's empowering leadership and adaptive performance of subordinates. Design/methodology/approach - This study used data collected from 279 participants via an online platform. Multiple regression analysis, bootstrapping, hierarchical regression analysis, and simple slope test were used to analyze the data. Findings - First, supervisor's empowering leadership had a positive effect on adaptive performance. Second, job challenge was found to mediate the relationship between supervisor's empowering leadership and adaptive performance. Third, the agentic trait showed a moderating effect on strengthening the relationship between supervisor's empowering leadership and adaptive performance. However, communal trait did not show a moderating effect. Research implications or Originality - This study examined the moderating effect of agentic traits in the relationship between empowering leadership and adaptive performance, which has not been investigated before.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2023년도 한국기술교육대학교 교수 교육연구진흥과제 지원에 의하여 연구되었음.

References

  1. 강용관, 이민수, 임유신 (2015), "육군 전문인력의 전문가지향성 및 직무도전성이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향: 전문직 업적 정체성의 매개효과", 국방연구, 58(2), 83-112. https://doi.org/10.23011/JNDS.2015.58.2.004
  2. 권세현, 이진구 (2020), "직무도전성, 학습민첩성, 업무몰입, 혁신적 업무행동의 구조적 관계: K기업을 중심으로", 농업교육과 인적자원개발, 52(2), 83-107. https://doi.org/10.23840/AGEHRD.2020.52.2.83
  3. 김규수 (2017), "호텔조리사의 임파워링 리더십이 심리적 주인의식 및 직무열의에 미치는 영향: 특급호텔을 중심으로", 관광연구저널, 31(6), 169-180.
  4. 김성훈, 지성호, 강영순 (2014), "임파워링 리더십과 혁신행동의 관계에서 다차원 저항의 매개효과", 인적자원관리연구, 21(5), 93-114.
  5. 김수진, 권기욱 (2019), "임파워링 리더십과 건설적 발언 행동의 관계", 리더십연구, 11(1), 3-32.
  6. 김윤영, 박선웅, 이예은, 주민주, 박유빈 (2016), "독자성과 융화성: 인간 실존의 근원적인 두 차원", 한국심리학회지: 일반, 35(2), 283-308. https://doi.org/10.22257/KJP.2016.06.35.2.283
  7. 김정연, 김승석, 윤동열 (2022), "하이브리드 근무환경에서 상사의 임파워링 리더십은 구성원의 적응성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤는가?: 잡크래프팅과 구성원 민첩성의 조절된 매개효과", 기업경영연구, 29(5), 21-49.
  8. 김혜경 (1988), "개인이 지각하는 직무도전성이 직무관련 태도에 미치는 영향", 비서학연구, (8), 1-14.
  9. 노경원, 이진구 (2021), "임파워링 리더십, 일몰입, 적응적 수행 간의 구조적 관계에 대한 연구", 역량개발학습연구, 16(1), 143-167.
  10. 박소희 (2016), "성격이 적응수행에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구", 인적자원관리연구, 23(3), 167-184.
  11. 박슬기, 박지환 (2022), "무형식학습이 적응수행에 미치는 영향: 인지적 유연성의 매개효과와 조절초점 조직문화의 조절효과", 경영컨설팅연구, 22(1), 293-307.
  12. 박은지, 박지환 (2022), "개인-직무 부합이 적응수행에 미치는 영향: 심리적 주인의식의 매개효과와 직무열의의 조절효과", 전문경영인연구, 25(4), 137-159.
  13. 박해신, 윤수현, 윤석화 (2021), "The Effect of Empowering Leadership on Creativity: Applying a Social Information Processing Perspective", 조직과 인사관리연구, 45(2), 89-108.
  14. 송영아 (2021), 임파워링 리더십, 잡 크래프팅, 직원몰입, 적응수행 간 주조적 관계, 한국기술교육대학교 석사학위논문.
  15. 신선혜, 장진이 (2020), "독자성과 융화성 수준에 따른 잠재집단의 심리적 특성", 상담학연구, 21(6), 201-223. https://doi.org/10.15703/KJC.21.6.202012.201
  16. 심지현, 채영원 (2023), "직무도전성이 학습민첩성을 매개로 주관적 경력성공에 미치는 영향", Journal of The Korean Data Analysis Society, 25(2), 843-854. https://doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2023.25.2.843
  17. 양인준, 정진철 (2021), "기업체 근로자의 적응수행 선행변인에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰 및 통합모형 개발", 기업교육과인재연구, 23(3), 101-126.
  18. 양지훈, 양성병, 윤상혁 (2023), "생성형AI 서비스의 성공요인에 대한 탐색적 연구: 텍스트 마이닝과 ChatGPT를 활용하여", 경영정보학연구, 25(2), 125-144.
  19. 이성룡 (2018), "성격 유형을 바탕으로 하는 에이전트 기반 팀 해체 모형", 디지털융복합연구, 16(1), 317-325. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2018.16.1.317
  20. 이수기 (2017), 대기업 R&D 인력의 혁신적 업무행동과 직무 도전성, 학습동기, 무형식학습 활동의 관계, 서울대학교 석사학위논문.
  21. 이지영 (2018), 경력역량 고용가능성 적응수행 조직몰입 간의 구조관계 분석, 중앙대학교 박사학위논문.
  22. 이지영, 이희수 (2018), "직무도전성, 성장기회가 적응수행에 미치는 영향: 경력내적통제소재와 경력역량의 이중매개효과 분석", HRD연구, 20(3), 113-142. https://doi.org/10.18211/KJHRDQ.2018.20.3.005
  23. 이지윤, 박지환 (2021), "케어링을 받는 것이 소비자의 자아조절에 미치는 영향", 경영경제연구, 43(1), 29-62. https://doi.org/10.22828/MERI.2021.43.1.002
  24. 전무경, 박지환 (2021), "상사의 임파워링 리더십, 직무열의, 부하의 창의적 행동 간의 관계에서 창의적 자기효능감의 조절된 매개효과", 인적자원개발연구, 24(3), 115-145.
  25. 조윤형, 최우재 (2010), "조직구성원들의 가치성향이 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향: 조직신뢰의 매개효과", 인적자원관리연구, 17(4), 403-430.
  26. 주세영, 정인성, 김정식, 박동희 (2015), "임파워링 리더십과 혁신행동의 관계에 대한 연구: 자기조절초점의 매개효과를 중심으로", 대한경영학회지, 28(6), 1725-1745.
  27. 차동옥, 김정식 (2011), "중간관리자의 임파워링 리더십과 직무몰입, 조직몰입, 조직시민행동간의 관계", 조직과인사관리연구, 35(1), 171-198.
  28. 차동옥, 용석현, 이후석, 김정식 (2021), "임파워링 리더십이 조직구성원들의 개인성장과 업무성과 향상에 미치는 영향: 심리적 의미감의 매개역할과 직무특성인식의 조절역할", 조직과 인사관리연구, 45(4), 1-33.
  29. 최석봉, 김정은, 장수덕 (2013), "임파워링 리더십이 조직구성원의 혁신행동에 미치는 영향: 창의성의 매개효과 및 혁신지원분위기의 조절효과", 인적자원관리연구, 20(3), 209-230.
  30. 최지연, 김혜연, 박지환 (2023), "윤리적 리더십이 지식공유에 미치는 영향: 심리적 안전감의 매개효과와 에이전틱.커뮤널 성향의 조절효과", 경영컨설팅연구, 23(1), 137-156.
  31. 한진환 (2023), "임파워링 리더십, 직무열의, 발언행동 간에 관계에서 심리적 안전감의 조절매개효과", 혁신기업연구, 8(1), 57-78.
  32. 한태영 (2005), "적응수행에 대한 개인 및 팀 수준의 영향: 다수준(multilevel) 접근법의 적용", 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 18(1), 51-77.
  33. 한태영 (2008), "적응수행에 대한 직무탈진, 심리적 집합주의 및 성격의 상호작용 효과", 한국심리학회지:산업 및 조직, 21(4), 631-655.
  34. 황준연 (2019), 임파워링 리더십이 적응적 수행성과, 혁신행동 및 창의성에 미치는 영향, 경성대학교 박사학위논문.
  35. Abele, A. E. and B. Wojciszke (2007), "Agency and Communion from the Perspective of Self Versus Others", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(5), 751-763. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.93.5.751
  36. Abele, A. E. and B. Wojciszke (2014), "Communal and Agentic Content in Social Cognition: A Dual Perspective Model." In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 50, pp. 195-255). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800284-1.00004-7
  37. Ahearne, M., J. Mathieu and A. Rapp (2005), "To Empower or Not to Empower Your Sales Force? An Empirical Examination of the Influence of Leadership Empowerment Behavior on Customer Satisfaction and Performance", Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 945-955. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.945
  38. Aiken, L. S., S. G. West and R. R. Reno (1991), Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. New York: Sage.
  39. Allworth, E. and B. Hesketh (1999), "Construct-Oriented Biodata: Capturing Change-Related and Contextually Relevant Future Performance", International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 7(2), 97-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00110
  40. Amabile, T. M. and N. D. Gryskiewicz (1989), "The Creative Environment Scales: Work Environment Inventory", Creativity Research Journal, 2(4), 231-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400418909534321
  41. Amundsen, S. and L. Martinsen (2014), "Empowering Leadership: Construct Clarification, Conceptualization, and Validation of a New Scale", Leadership Quarterly, 25(3), 487-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.11.009
  42. Arnold, J. A., S. Arad, J. A. Rhoades and F. Drasgow (2000), "The Empowering Leadership Questionnaire: The Construction and Validation of a New Scale for Measuring Leader Behaviors", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(3), 249-269. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(200005)21:3<249::AID-JOB10>3.0.CO;2-#
  43. Bakan, D. (1966), The Duality of Human Existence: An Essay on Psychology and Religion. Rand Mcnally.
  44. Birdi, K., C. W. Clegg, M. Patterson, A. M., Robinson, C. Stride T. D. Wall and S. Wood (2008), "The Impact of Human Resource and Operational Management Practices on Company Productivity: A Longitudinal Study", Personnel Psychology, 61(3), 467-501. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.00136.x
  45. Blau, P. M. (1964), "Justice in Social Exchange", Sociological Inquiry, 34(2), 193-206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682X.1964.tb00583.x
  46. Brown, S. P. and R. A. Peterson (1994), "The Effect of Effort on Sales Performance and Job Satisfaction", Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 70-80. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800206
  47. Campbell, J. P. and R. D. Pritchard (1976), Motivation Theory in Industrial and Organizational Psychology. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 63-130). Chicago: Rand McNally.
  48. Carmeli, A., R. Cohen-Meitar and D. Elizur (2007), "The Role of Job Challenge and Organizational Identification in Enhancing Creative Behavior among Employees in the Workplace", The Journal of Creative Behavior, 41(2), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.2007.tb01282.x
  49. Charbonnier-Voirin, A., A. El Akremi and C. Vandenberghe (2010), "A Multilevel Model of Transformational Leadership and Adaptive Performance and the Moderating Role of Climate for Innovation", Group & Organization Management, 35(6), 699-726. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601110390833
  50. Chen, G., B. L. Kirkman, R. Kanfer, D. Allen and B. Rosen (2007), "A Multilevel Study of Leadership, Empowerment, and Performance in Teams", Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 331-346. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.331
  51. Cheong, M., S. M. Spain, F. J. Yammarino and S. Yun (2016), "Two Faces of Empowering Leadership: Enabling and Burdening", The Leadership Quarterly, 27(4), 602-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.01.006
  52. Cortina, J. M. and J. N. Luchman (2012), Personnel Selection and Employee Performance. Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition, 12.
  53. Dorsey, D. W., J. M. Cortina, M. T. Allen, S .D. Waters, J. P. Green and J. Luchman (2017), Adaptive and Citizenship-Related Behaviors at Work. In Handbook of Employee Selection (pp. 448-475). Routledge.
  54. Gagne, M. and E. L. Deci (2005), "Self-Determination Theory and Work Motivation", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331-362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
  55. Ghaed, S. G. and L. C. Gallo (2006), "Distinctions among Agency, Communion, and Unmitigated Agency and Communion According to the Interpersonal Circumplex, Five-Factor Model, and Social-Emotional Correlates", Journal of Personality Assessment, 86(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8601_09
  56. Gonzalez, C. A., W. O. Bockting, L. J. Beckman and R. E. Duran (2012), "Agentic and Communal Personality Traits: Their Associations with Depression and Resilience among Transgender Women", Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 67(9-10), 528-543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012-0202-y
  57. Griffin, B. and B. Hesketh (2003), "Adaptable Behaviours for Successful Work and Career Adjustment", Australian Journal of Psychology, 55(2), 65-73 https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530412331312914
  58. Guisinger, S. and S. J. Blatt (1994), "Individuality and Relatedness: Evolution of a Fundamental Dialectic", American Psychologist, 49(2), 104-111. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.49.2.104
  59. Hackman, J. R. and E. E. Lawler (1971), "Employee Reactions to Job Characteristics", Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(3), 259-286. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031152
  60. Hackman, J. R. and G. R. Oldham (1976), "Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory", Organizational Behavior & Human Performance, 16(2), 250-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7
  61. Hayes, A. F. (2013), Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. Guilford Press.
  62. Hayes, A. F. and J. Matthes (2009), "Computational Procedures for Probing Interactions in OLS and Logistic Regression: SPSS and SAS Implementations", Behavior Research Methods, 41, 924-936. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.3.924
  63. Holmes, T. L. and R. Srivastava (2002), "Effects of Job Perceptions on Job Behaviors: Implications for Sales Performance", Industrial Marketing Management, 31(5), 421-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(01)00158-4
  64. Kirk-Brown, A. and D. Wallace (2004), "Predicting Burnout and Job Satisfaction in Workplace Counselors: The Influence of Role Stressors, Job Challenge, and Organizational Knowledge", Journal of Employment Counseling, 41(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2004.tb00875.x
  65. Koopmans, L., C. M. Bernaards, V. H. Hildebrandt, W. B. Schaufeli, H. C. De Vet and A. J. Van Der Beek (2011), "Conceptual Frameworks of Individual Work Performance: A Systematic Review", Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 856-866.
  66. Medford, M. O. (1986), Perceived Challenge as a Determinant of Job Satisfaction and Involvement as Moderated by Individual Differences. Doctoral Dissertation, Claremont Graduate University.
  67. Meyer, J. P. and N. J. Allen (1988), "Links between Work Experiences and Organizational Commitment during the First Year of Employment: A Longitudinal Analysis", Journal of Occupational Psychology, 61(3), 195-209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1988.tb00284.x
  68. Ployhart, R. E. and P. D. Bliese (2006), Individual Adaptability (I-ADAPT) Theory: Conceptualizing the Antecedents, Consequences, and Measurement of Individual Differences in Adaptability. In Understanding Adaptability: A Prerequisite for Effective Performance within Complex Environments (pp. 3-39). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
  69. Pulakos, E. D., S. Arad, M. A. Donovan and K. E. Plamondon (2000), "Adaptability in the Workplace: Development of a Taxonomy of Adaptive Performance", Journal of applied psychology, 85(4), 612-624. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.85.4.612
  70. Qian, J., B. Song, Z. Jin, B. Wang and H. Chen (2018), "Linking Empowering Leadership to Task Performance, Taking Charge, and Voice: The Mediating Role of Feedback-Seeking", Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00001
  71. Ryan, R. M. and E. L. Deci (2000), "Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being", American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
  72. Sharma, P. N. and B. L. Kirkman (2015), "Leveraging Leaders: A Literature Review and Future Lines of Inquiry for Empowering Leadership Research", Group & Organization Management, 40(2), 193-237. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601115574906
  73. Shoss, M. K., L. A. Witt and D. Vera (2012), "When Does Adaptive Performance Lead to Higher Task Performance?", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(7), 910-924 https://doi.org/10.1002/job.780
  74. Shuck, B., D. Twyford, T. G. Jr. Reio and A. Shuck (2014), "Human Resource Development Practices and Employee Engagement: Examining the Connection with Employee Turnover Intentions", Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), 239-270 https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21190
  75. Sparrowe, R. T. (1994), "Empowerment in the Hospitality Industry: An Exploration of Antecedents and Outcomes", Hospitality Research Journal, 17(3), 51-73. https://doi.org/10.1177/109634809401700306
  76. Spector, P. E. (1986), "Perceived Control by Employees: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Concerning Autonomy and Participation at Work", Human Relations, 39(11), 1005-1016. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678603901104
  77. Spreitzer, G. M., M. A. Kizilos and S. W. Nason (1997), "A Dimensional Analysis of the Relationship between Psychological Empowerment and Effectiveness, Satisfaction, and Strain", Journal of Management, 23(5), 679-704.
  78. Srivastava, A., K. M. Bartol and E. A. Locke (2006), "Empowering Leadership in Management teams: Effects on Knowledge Sharing, Efficacy, and Performance", Academy of Management Journal, 49(6), 1239-1251. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.23478718
  79. Townsend, R. and W. Bennis (1997), Reinventing Leadership: Strategies to Empower the Organization. William Morrow & Company, New York, NY.
  80. Trapnell, P. D. and D. L. Paulhus (2012), "Agentic and Communal Values: Their Scope and Measurement", Journal of Personality Assessment, 94(1), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2011.627968
  81. Van den Broeck, A., N. De Cuyper, H. De Witte and M. Vansteenkiste (2010), "Not All Job Demands Are Equal: Differentiating Job Hindrances and Job Challenges in the Job Demands-Resources Model", European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 19(6), 735-759. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320903223839
  82. Walsh, J. T., T. D. Taber and T. A. Beehr (1980), "An Integrated Model of Perceived Job Characteristics", Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 25(2), 252-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(80)90066-5
  83. Wang, S., I. E. De Pater, M. Yi, Y. Zhang, and T. P. Yang (2020), "Empowering Leadership: Employee-Related Antecedents and Consequences", Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 39(5), 1-25.
  84. Zhang, X. and K. M. Bartol (2010), "Linking Empowering Leadership and Employee Creativity: The Influence of Psychological Empowerment, Intrinsic Motivation, and Creative Process Engagement", Academy of Management Journal, 53(1), 107-128. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.48037118