Biomolecules & Therapeutics

The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology (한국응용약물학회)
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Diagnostic Role of Bile Pigment Components in Biliary Tract Cancer

  • Keun Soo Ahn (Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Koo Jeong Kang (Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Yong Hoon Kim (Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Tae-Seok Kim (Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Kwang Bum Cho (Division of Gaestroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Hye Soon Kim (Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center) ;
  • Won-Ki Baek (Department of Microbiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine) ;
  • Seong-Il Suh (Department of Microbiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jin-Yi Han (Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center)
  • Received : 2023.01.11
  • Accepted : 2023.07.04
  • Published : 2023.11.01
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Abstract

Bile pigment, bilirubin, and biliverdin concentrations may change as a results of biliary tract cancer (BTC) altering the mechanisms of radical oxidation and heme breakdown. We explored whether changes in bile pigment components could help distinguish BTC from benign biliary illness by evaluating alterations in patients with BTC. We collected bile fluid from 15 patients with a common bile duct stone (CBD group) and 63 individuals with BTC (BTC group). We examined the bile fluid's bilirubin, biliverdin reductase (BVR), heme oxygenase (HO-1), and bacterial taxonomic abundance. Serum bilirubin levels had no impact on the amounts of bile HO-1, BVR, or bilirubin. In comparison to the control group, the BTC group had considerably higher amounts of HO-1, BVR, and bilirubin in the bile. The areas under the curve for the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses of the BVR and HO-1 were 0.832 (p<0.001) and 0.891 (p<0.001), respectively. Firmicutes was the most prevalent phylum in both CBD and BTC, according to a taxonomic abundance analysis, however the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was substantially greater in the BTC group than in the CBD group. The findings of this study showed that, regardless of the existence of obstructive jaundice, biliary carcinogenesis impacts heme degradation and bile pigmentation, and that the bile pigment components HO-1, BVR, and bilirubin in bile fluid have a diagnostic significance in BTC. In tissue biopsies for the diagnosis of BTC, particularly for distinguishing BTC from benign biliary strictures, bile pigment components can be used as additional biomarkers.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

In this study, the bile fluids were collected by Sung-Mi Pyo, Seo-Yeon Cha, and So-Jeong Kim. The biospecimens and data used in this study were provided by the Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital Biobank, which is a member of the Korea Biobank Network. This work was supported by the Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2022 R1A2C4001769).

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