Safety and Health at Work

Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (산업안전보건연구원)
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Mindfulness-based Practices in Workers to Address Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review

  • Quentin Durand-Moreau (Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta) ;
  • Tanya Jackson (Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta) ;
  • Danika Deibert (Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta) ;
  • Charl Els (Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta) ;
  • Janice Y. Kung (John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta) ;
  • Sebastian Straube (Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta)
  • Received : 2023.06.07
  • Accepted : 2023.07.25
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

The effectiveness of mindfulness techniques in addressing mental health conditions in workers is uncertain. However, it could represent a therapeutic tool for workers presenting with such conditions. Our objective was to assess the effects of mindfulness-based practices for workers diagnosed with mental health conditions. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Participants included were workers with a mental health condition. Interventions included any mindfulness technique, compared to any nonmindfulness interventions. Outcomes were scores on validated psychiatric rating scales. A total of 4,407 records were screened; 202 were included for full-text analysis; 2 studies were included. The first study (Finnes et al., 2017) used Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) associated or not with Workplace Dialogue Intervention (WDI), compared to treatment as usual. At 9 months follow-up, for the ACT group, depression scores improved marginally (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.06, p = 0.021), but anxiety scores were worse (SMD: 0.15, p = 0.036). Changes in mental health outcomes were not statistically significant for the ACT + WDI group. In the second study (Grensman et al., 2018), no statistically significant change in mental health scales has been observed after completion of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared to cognitive behavioral therapy. Substantial heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. This systematic review did not find evidence that mindfulness-based practices provide a durable and substantial improvement of mental health outcomes in workers diagnosed with mental health conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Professor Arturo Juarez Garcia for his help in reviewing papers written in Spanish, Professor Seong-Kyu Kang for his help in reviewing a paper written in Korean, and Mr. Ata Rafiee, PhD Candidate for his help in reviewing papers written in Persian.

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