Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Identifying Degradation Causes of Endangered Freshwater Fish, Microphysogobio rapidus Using Habitat-Environmental Characteristics

멸종위기 야생생물 I급 여울마자 서식지 환경 특성 파악을 통한 훼손 원인 분석

  • Ju-Duk Yoon (Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Keun-Sik Kim (Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Chang-Deuk Park (Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Dong-Won Kang (Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Heung-Heon Lee (E&E Environment and Ecology Research Institute) ;
  • Chi-Hong Lim (Division of Chemistry and Bio-Environmental Sciences, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Nam-Shin Kim (National Institute of Ecology)
  • 윤주덕 (국립생태원 멸종위기종복원센터) ;
  • 김근식 (국립생태원 멸종위기종복원센터) ;
  • 박창득 (국립생태원 멸종위기종복원센터) ;
  • 강동원 (국립생태원 멸종위기종복원센터) ;
  • 이흥헌 (이엔이환경생태연구소) ;
  • 임치홍 (서울여자대학교 화학생명환경과학부) ;
  • 김남신 (국립생태원)
  • Received : 2023.09.01
  • Accepted : 2023.09.18
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

Microphysogobio rapidus is designated as endangered species class I by Ministry of Environment, and its distribution and population have been gradually declining, and it is now limited to the Nam River and some tributary streams of the Nakdong River Watershed. For the restoration of this highly endangered species, it is important to identify the causes of the decline and establish appropriate restoration plans. However, due to lack of basic data and ecological research, most steps are stagnant. Therefore, in this study, we identified the differences in the physical, biological, and sociological habitats between current and past distributed sites through field surveys and literature reviews. As a result of the field survey, there were differences in conductivity between the current and past distributed sites, and fish communities were also showed differences. The literature data also showed that the physico-chemical values of the past distributed sites were generally unfavorable, which generated negative consequences on biological factors. In particular, the effects of urbanization were found to be a major factor affecting the habitat of M. rapidus. Habitat stabilization is crucial for the recovery of this endangered species. However, in the past distributed sites, disturbances such as stream development and weir construction have altered streams physico-chemically and result in changes of M. rapidus. Therefore, a comprehensive plan that considers both stream connectivity and water quality is needed to manage and restore the habitat of M. rapidus.

멸종위기 야생생물 I급 종인 여울마자는 분포 및 개체수가 지속적으로 감소하여 현재는 낙동강수계 남강 및 일부 지류 하천에만 제한적으로 출현하고 있다. 절멸이 임박한 여울마자의 복원을 위해서는 감소원인 파악을 통한 적절한 계획 수립이 중요하지만 자료 및 연구 부족으로 인해 진행이 미흡한 상황이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 여울마자에 분포지역을 대상으로 현장조사와 문헌조사를 통해 현재출현지역과 과거출현지역의 이화학적, 생물학적, 사회학적 서식환경에 대한 차이를 분석하였다. 현장조사 결과 현재출현지점과 과거출현지점에 전기전도도에 차이가 있었으며, 동서종 군집 또한 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 문헌 연구자료를 활용한 분석에서도 전반적으로 과거 출현지점들의 이화학적 환경이 양호하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 이로 인해 영향을 받은 생물학적 요인의 부정적 결과가 유발되었다. 특히, 도시화로 인한 영향이 여울마자 서식환경에 주요한 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 멸종위기종인 여울마자의 복원을 위해서는 서식지의 안정화가 중요하다. 과거 서식하던 지역들에서는 하천 공사, 보 건설과 같은 교란이 하천을 물리적, 이화학적으로 변화시키면서 여울마자에 영향을 주었기 때문에 향후 여울마자의 서식지 관리 및 복원을 위해서는 하천의 연결성 회복 및 이화학적 환경을 함께 고려한 종합적인 계획인 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 환경부의 지원을 받아 수행하였습니다 (NIE-수탁연구-2019-44).

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