Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Resistance Characteristics of Watermelon Cultivars to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum

수박 품종들의 덩굴쪼김병균에 대한 저항성 특성

  • Soo Min Lee (Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Eun Ju Jo (Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Hun Kim (Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology) ;
  • Gyung Ja Choi (Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
  • 이수민 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 조은주 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 김헌 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터) ;
  • 최경자 (한국화학연구원 친환경신물질연구센터)
  • Received : 2023.07.31
  • Accepted : 2023.08.14
  • Published : 2023.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) is a serious disease in watermelon cultivation. Most of commercialized watermelon cultivars to Fusarium wilt are susceptible in Korea. Fon isolates were divided into four races (races 0, 1, 2, and 3), based on pathogenicity in four watermelon differentials including 'Sugar baby', 'Charleston gray', 'Calhoun gray' and 'PI-296341-FR'. We obtained 7 isolates of Fon and tested to determine race of the fungal strains. Fon KACC 40902 and Fon HA were race 0 and Fon NW1, Fon NW2, Fon CW and Fon KACC 40901 were race 1. And Fon KACC 40905 was race 2, but race 3 isolate of Fon was not founded. We also tested virulence of seven Fon isolates on three-susceptible cultivars of watermelon. The isolates showed different virulence on the cultivars. In addition, to study the resistance characteristics of watermelon to Fon, we selected three moderately or highly resistant cultivars of watermelon and occurrence of Fusarium wilt in seedlings of the cultivars by seven Fon isolates was investigated. Among them, 'Calhoun gray' is highly resistant to six Fon isolates except Fon KACC 40905. On the other two cultivars, disease severity of Fusarium wilt caused by each isolate was positively correlated with the virulence of the Fon isolates. The results suggest that resistance of the watermelon cultivars to Fon isolates is likely affected by the virulence of the pathogen.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon)에 의한 덩굴쪼김병은 수박 재배지에서 심각한 피해를 주는 병해 중 하나이다. 국내에서 대부분의 수박 품종들은 덩굴쪼김병에 대해 감수성이다. 덩굴쪼김병균은 4개의 수박 품종에 대한 병원성을 기준으로 4개의 레이스(0, 1, 2, 3)가 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 7개의 덩굴쪼김병균을 수집하고 이 병원균들의 레이스를 확인하였다. 그 결과, KACC 40902와 HA 균주는 race 0, NW1, NW2, CW 그리고 KACC 40901 균주들은 race 1로, KACC 40905 균주는 race 2로 동정되었으며, race 3 균주는 확인되지 않았다. 또한, 수박의 3개의 감수성 품종에서 7개의 덩굴쪼김병균의 병원력을 비교하였다. 실험에 사용한 Fon 균주들은 균주들 간에 서로 다른 병원력을 나타냈다. 그리고 중도 저항성이거나 저항성으로 알려진 수박 품종 3개, 수박 대목 1개, 감수성 품종 1개를 선발하여 Fon에 대한 수박의 저항성 특성을 조사하였다. 수박 대목은 7개 Fon 균주들에 대해 높은 저항성 반응을 나타냈고, 'Calhoun gray'는 KACC 40905 균주를 제외한 6개 균주에 대해서는 높은 저항성 반응을 나타낸 반면, 나머지 2개의 수박 품종('속노란꿀'과 '초당꿀')은 실험한 7개 균주들의 병원력에 비례하여 수박 덩굴쪼김병이 발생이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 Fon에 대한 수박의 저항성은 병원균의 레이스 분화가 아닌 병원균의 병원력에 의해 결정된다고 생각되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by IPET (322059-3), funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA).

References

  1. Averill, A. F., Ingram, J. and Nolan, P. F. 1998. Cleaning metal components after the Montreal Protocol: introductory review. Trans. IMF 76: 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1080/00202967.1998.11871200
  2. Ayala-Donas, A., de Cara-Garcia, M., Talavera-Rubia, M. and Verdejo-Lucas, S. 2020. Management of soil-borne fungi and root-knot nematodes in cucurbits through breeding for resistance and grafting. Agronomy 10: 1641.
  3. Carlile, M. J. 1956. A study of the factors influencing non-genetic variation in a strain of Fusarium oxysporum. J. Gen. Microbiol. 14: 643-654. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-14-3-643
  4. Cirulli, M. 1972. Variation of pathogenicity in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum and resistance in watermelon cultivars. In: Actas III Congresso da Uniao Fitopatologica Mediterranea, ed. by Mediterranean Phytopathological Union, pp. 491-500. Uniao Fitopatologica Mediterranea, Oeiras, Portugal.
  5. Crall, J. M. 1963. Physiologic specilalization in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Phytopathology 53: 873.
  6. Elmstrom, G. W. and Hopkins, D. L. 1981. Resistance of watermelon cultivars to Fusarium wilt. Plant Dis. 65: 825-827. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-65-825
  7. Enya, J., Ikeda, K., Takeuchi, T., Horikoshi, N., Higashi, T., Sakai, T. et al. 2009. The first occurrence of leaf mold of tomato caused by races 4.9 and 4.9.11 of Passalora fulva (syn. Fulvia fulva) in Japan. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 75: 76-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-008-0134-0
  8. Everts, K. L., Egel, D. S., Langston, D. and Zhou, X.-G. 2014. Chemical management of Fusarium wilt of watermelon. Crop Prot. 66: 114-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.09.003
  9. Flory, S. L., Kleczewski, N. and Clay, K. 2011. Ecological consequences of pathogen accumulation on an invasive grass. Ecosphere 2: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00191.1
  10. Foster, J. M. and Hausbeck, M. K. 2010. Resistance of pepper to Phytophthora crown, root, and fruit rot is affected by isolate virulence. Plant Dis. 94: 24-30. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-1-0024
  11. Hibberd, A. M., Bassett, M. J. and Stall, R. E. 1987. Allelism tests of three dominant genes for hypersensitive resistance to bacterial spot of pepper. Phytopathology 77: 1304-1307. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-77-1304
  12. Jeger, M. J. and Viljanen-Rollinson, S. L. H. 2001. The use of the area under the disease-progress curve (AUDPC) to assess quantitative disease resistance in crop cultivars. Theor. Appl. Genet. 102: 32-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051615
  13. Jo, E. J., Choi, Y. H., Jang, K. S., Kim, H. and Choi, G. J. 2017. Development of a simple and effective bioassay method to evaluate resistance of watermelon plants to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Res. Plant Dis. 23: 168-176. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2017.23.2.168
  14. Jo. E. J., Jang, K. S., Choi, Y. H., Ahn, K. G. and Choi, G. J. 2016. Resistance of cabbage plants to isolates of Plasmodiophora brassicae. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 34: 442-452. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20160045
  15. Jo, E. J., Lee, J. H., Choi, Y. H., Kim, J.-C. and Choi, G. J. 2015. Development of an efficient method of screening for watermelon plants resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 33: 409-419. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.2015.14156
  16. Jo, S.-J., Shim, S.-A., Jang, K. S., Choi, Y. H., Kim, J.-C. and Choi, G. J. 2014. Resistance of chili pepper cultivars to isolates of Phytophthora capsici. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 32: 66-76. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.2014.13079
  17. Kim, H., Jo, E. J., Choi, Y. H., Jang, K. S. and Choi, G. J. 2016. Pathotype classification of Plasmodiophora brassicae isolates using clubroot-resistant cultivars of Chinese cabbage. Plant Pathol. J. 32: 423-430. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.04.2016.0081
  18. Korean Society of Plant Pathology. 2022. List of Plant Disease in Korea. 6th ed. World Science Press, Seoul, Korea. pp. 282-284.
  19. Kuginuki, Y., Yoshikawa, H. and Hirai, M. 1999. Variation in virulence of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Japan tested with clubroot-resistance cultivars of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 105: 327-332. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008705413127
  20. Kwon, Y.-S., Om, Y.-H. and Kim, H.-T. 1998. Identification and distribution of races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum on watermelon in Korea. Cucurbit Genet. Coop. Rep. 21: 33-36.
  21. Lee, D. H. 1969. Studies on the control of Fusarium wilt of the cucurbitaceous plants: (1) Investigation on the pathogenicity of Fusarium isolates from the wilted cucurbitaceous plants. Korean J. Plant Prot. 7: 69-75. (In Korean)
  22. Lee, J. H., Lee, J. and Oh, D.-G. 2018. Resistance of pepper cultivars to Ralstonia solanacearum isolates from major cultivated areas of chili peppers in Korea. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 36: 569-576. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20180057
  23. Lee, S. G. and Lee, W. H. 1994. Control of Fusarium wilt of watermelon with the root-stock grafting of Sicyos angulatus L. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 10: 240-244. (In Korean)
  24. Lee, S. M., Lee, J. J., Choi, Y. H., Kim, H. and Choi, G. J. 2023. Resistance characteristics of Chinese cabbage cultivars to black rot. Res. Plant Dis. 29: 158-167. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2023.29.2.158
  25. Lee, S. M., Lee, J. H., Jang, K. S., Choi, Y. H., Kim, H. and Choi, G. J. 2020. Resistance of commercial radish cultivars to isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 38: 97-106. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.7235/HORT.20200010
  26. Madden, L. V., Hughes, G. and van den Bosch, F. 2007. The Study of Plant Disease Epidemics. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA. 421
  27. Martyn, R. D. 1987. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 2: a highly aggressive race new to the United States. Plant Dis. 71: 233-236. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-71-0233
  28. Martyn, R. D. 1996. Fusarium wilts. In: Compendium of Cucurbit Disease, eds. by T. A. Zitter, D. L. Hopkins and C. E. Thomas, pp. 13-14. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA.
  29. Martyn, R. D. and Bruton, B. D. 1989. An initial survey of United States for races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. HortScience 24: 696-698. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.24.4.696
  30. Martyn, R. D. and Netzer, D. 1991. Resistance to races 0, 1, and 2 of Fusarium wilt of watermelon in Citrullus sp. PI-296341-FR. HortScience 26: 429-432. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.26.4.429
  31. Mullett, M., Perez-Sierra, A., Armengol, J. and Berbegal, M. 2017. Phenotypical and molecular characterization of Fusarium circinatum: correlation with virulence and fungicide sensitivity. Forests 8: 458.
  32. Netzer, D. 1976. Physiological races and soil population level of Fusarium wilt of watermelon. Phytoparasitica 4: 131-136. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980343
  33. Netzer, D. and Dishon, I. 1973. Screening for resistance and physiological specialization of Fusarium oxysporum in watermelon and muskmelon. In: 2nd International Congress of Plant Pathology, Abstract 941. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
  34. Netzer, D. and Weintall, C. 1980. Inheritance of resistance in watermelon to race 1 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Plant Dis. 64: 853-854. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-64-853
  35. Noh, J., Kim, J.-H., Lim, J. H., Kim, T. B., Seong, M. H., Jung, G. T. et al. 2014. Occurrence of diseases and case of clinical diagnosis on watermelon in South Korea, 2008-2012. Res. Plant Dis. 20: 8-14. https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2014.20.1.008
  36. Park, M. S., Jeong, B., Jang, K. S., Choi, Y. H., Kim, J.-C. and Choi, G. J. 2012. Development of efficient screening methods for resistance of tomato to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 30: 426-431. https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.2012.12083
  37. Ramirez-Villupadua, J., Endo, R. M., Bosland, P. and Williams, P. H. 1985. A new race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans that attacks cabbage type A resistance. Plant Dis. 69: 612-613. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-69-612
  38. Risser, G., Banihashemi, Z. and Davis, D. W. 1976. A proposed nomenclature of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis races and resistance genes in Cucumis melo. Phytopathology 66: 1105-1106. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-66-1105
  39. Ristaino, J. B. and Thomas, W. 1997. Agriculture, methyl bromide, and the ozone hole: can we fill the gaps? Plant Dis. 81: 964-977. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.9.964
  40. Takken, F. L. W., Schipper, D., Nijkamp, H. J. J. and Hille, J. 1998. Identification and Ds-tagged isolation of a new gene at the Cf-4 locus of tomato involved in disease resistance to Cladosporium fulvum race 5. Plant J. 14: 401-411. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1998.00135.x
  41. Yang, S. S., Sung, N. K., Choi, D. I. and Kim, C. H. 1989. Pathogenic variation of Phytophthora capsici Leonian on red-pepper in Korea. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 5: 370-376.
  42. Zhang, X. P. and Rhodes, B. 1993. Inheritance of resistance to races 0, 1, and 2 in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum in watermelon (Citrullus sp. PI 296341). Cucurbit Genet. Coop. Rep. 16: 77-78.
  43. Zhou, X. G. and Everts, K. L. 2004. Quantification of root and stem colonization of watermelon by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum and its use in evaluating resistance. Phytopathology 94: 832-841. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.8.832
  44. Zhou, X. G., Everts, K. L. and Bruton, B. D. 2010. Race 3, a new and highly virulent race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum causing Fusarium wilt in watermelon. Plant Dis. 94: 92-98. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-1-0092