Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Changes in Growth and Antioxidant Phenolic Contents of Kale according to CO2 Concentration before UV-A Light Treatment

UV-A 조사 전 CO2 농도에 따른 케일의 생육과 항산화적 페놀릭 함량 변화

  • Jin-Hui Lee (Department of Practice Arts Education, Jeonju National University of Education) ;
  • Myung-Min Oh (Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University)
  • 이진희 (전주교육대학교 실과교육과) ;
  • 오명민 (충북대학교 축산.원예.식품공학부 원예학전공)
  • Received : 2023.10.12
  • Accepted : 2023.10.18
  • Published : 2023.10.31
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Abstract

Ultra-violet (UV) light is one of abiotic stress factors and causes oxidative stress in plants, but a suitable level of UV radiation can be used to enhance the phytochemical content of plants. The accumulation of antioxidant phenolic compounds in UV-exposed plants may vary depending on the conditions of plant (species, cultivar, age, etc.) and UV (wavelength, energy, irradiation period, etc.). To date, however, little research has been conducted on how leaf thickness affects the pattern of phytochemical accumulation. In this study, we conducted an experiment to find out how the antioxidant phenolic content of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) leaves with different thicknesses react to UV-A light. Kale seedlings were grown in a controlled growth chamber for four weeks under the following conditions: 20℃ temperature, 60% relative humidity, 12-hour photoperiod, light source (fluorescent lamp), and photosynthetic photon flux density of 121±10 µmol m-2 s-1. The kale plants were then transferred to two chambers with different CO2 concentrations (382±3.2 and 1,027±11.7 µmol mol-1), and grown for 10 days. After then, each group of kale plants were subjected to UV-A LED (275+285 nm at peak wavelength) light of 25.4 W m-2 for 5 days. As a result, when kale plants with thickened leaves from treatment with high CO2 were exposed to UV-A, they had lower UV sensitivity than thinner leaves. The Fv/Fm (maximum quantum yield on photosystem II) in the leaves of kale exposed to UV-A in a low-concentration CO2 environment decreased abruptly and significantly immediately after UV treatment, but not in kale leaves exposed to UV-A in a high-concentration CO2 environment. The accumulation pattern of total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and individual phenolic compounds varied according to leaf thickness. In conclusion, this experiment suggests that the UV intensity should vary based on the leaf thickness (age etc.) during UV treatment for phytochemical enhancement.

Ultra-violet(UV)는 비생물학적 스트레스 요인 중 하나로 식물체 내 산화적인 스트레스를 유발하지만 적정한 수준의 UV조사는 식물체 내 항산화 파이토케미컬 함량을 증진시키는 도구가 될 수 있다. UV에 노출된 식물의 항산화적 페놀릭 물질 축적의 반응은 식물(종, 품종, 연령 등), UV(파장, 에너지, 조사 기간 등) 등에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 하지만 지금까지 잎 두께가 식물 생리활성 화합물의 축적 패턴에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구는 거의 수행되지 않았다. 따라서, 본 실험에서는 잎 두께가 다른 케일(Brassica oleracea var. acephala)에 UV-A를 조사하였을 때, 항산화적 페놀릭 화합물의 축적 패턴이 어떻게 변화되는지 확인하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 케일 묘는 온도 20℃, 상대습도 60%, 광주기 12시간, 광원(fluorescent lamp), 광합성 유효 광량자속 밀도 PPFD 121 ±10µmol m-2 s-1 의 조건으로 제어되는 식물 생장상에서 4주간 재배되었다. 이후 CO2 농도가 서로 다룬 두 조건의 챔버(382±3.2 및 1027±11.7µmol mol-1)로 케일을 옮겨 10일간 재배하였고, 그 후 5일간 25.4W m-2의 UV-A LED(피크파장 275+285nm)를 광 주기 동안 보광 처리해 주었다. CO2 농도와 UV조사에 따른 식물의 생리 화학적인 변화를 확인하기 위해 생육 특성, 비엽중, 엽록소 형광, 총 페놀 함량과 항산화도, 그리고 개별적인 페놀 성분을 분석하였다. 결과적으로 고농도의 CO2 가 처리된 케일 잎의 두께가 유의적으로 증가했으며, 잎이 두꺼울수록 UV-A LED에 대한 스트레스의 정도가 낮았다. 저농도의 CO2 환경에서 UV-A에 노출된 케일의 잎의 Fv/Fm(제II광계 최대 광량자 수율)은 UV-A 처리 직후 급격히 감소되었지만, 고농도의 CO2환경에서 UV-A 처리는 큰 감소가 관찰되지 않았다. 또한, 총 페놀 함량, 항산화도 그리고 개별적인 페놀릭 화합물이 저농도 CO2 잎에서는 UV-A 처리 1일째, 고농도 CO2잎에서는 처리 3일째 증대되어 잎의 두께에 따라 화합물 축적 패턴이 다르게 나타남을 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 항산화적 페놀릭 화합물 축적을 위한 UV처리 시, 잎의 두께(잎의 발달 단계 등)를 고려해야하며 잎의 구조 형태적 특성에 따라 UV강도를 달리해야 함을 시사한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 농림축산식품부 및 과학기술정보통신부, 농촌진흥청의 재원으로 농림식품기술기획평가원과 재단법인 스마트팜연구개발사업단의 스마트팜다부처패키지혁신기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 연구되었음(421033-04).

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