Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

  • 제61권3호
  • /
  • Pages.317-324
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 2982-5164(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1738-0006(eISSN)
대한기생충학·열대의학회 (The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses

  • Seungwan Ryoo (MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Bong-Kwang Jung (MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Sooji Hong (MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Hyejoo Shin (MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Hyemi Song (MediCheck Research Institute, Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Hyun-Seung Kim (Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Jin-Youp Ryu (Korea Association of Health Promotion) ;
  • Woon-Mok Sohn (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sung-Jong Hong (Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University) ;
  • Thi Thi Htoon (National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Sports) ;
  • Htay Htay Tin (National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Sports) ;
  • Jong-Yil Chai (Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2023.05.18
  • 심사 : 2023.07.02
  • 발행 : 2023.08.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura were found in the feces of schoolchildren in Yangon, Myanmar during epidemiological surveys and mass deworming with albendazole in 2017-2019. The standard-sized eggs were identified as those of T. trichiura, but it was necessary to exclude the possibility of the large-sized eggs belonging to Trichuris vulpis, a dog whipworm. We conducted morphological and molecular studies to determine the species of the 2 types of Trichuris eggs. Individual eggs of both sizes were isolated from Kato-Katz fecal smears (n=20) and mechanically destroyed using a 23G injection needle. Nuclear DNA was extracted, and the 18S rRNA region was sequenced in 15 standard-sized eggs and 15 large-sized eggs. The average size of standard-sized eggs (T. trichiura) was 55.2×26.1 ㎛ (range: 51.7-57.6×21.3-28.0 ㎛; n=97), whereas the size of large-sized eggs was 69.3×32.0 ㎛ (range: 65.1-76.4×30.1-34.5 ㎛; n=20), slightly smaller than the known size of T. vulpis. Regarding standard-sized eggs, the 18S rRNA nucleotide sequences exhibited 100% homology with T. trichiura deposited in GenBank and 88.6-90.5% homology with T. vulpis. Regarding large-sized eggs, the nucleotide sequences showed 99.8-100% homology with T. trichiura in GenBank and 89.6-90.7% homology with T. vulpis. Both standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris spp. found in Myanmar schoolchildren during 2017-2019 were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to belong to T. trichiura. The conversion of eggs from smaller to large sizes might be due to anthelmintic treatments with albendazole.

키워드

과제정보

We appreciate the staff of the National Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Myanmar who helped collection of fecal specimens from residents around the Yangon Region and the preparation of Kato-Katz smears during 2017-2019. Special thanks are given to all participants in this epidemiological study, particularly the schoolchildren. We also appreciate the staff of the Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP), Seoul, South Korea who helped with this project.

참고문헌

  1. Hotez PJ, Fenwick A, Savioli L, Molyneux DH. Rescuing the bottom billion through control of neglected tropical diseases. Lancet 2009;373(9674):1570-1575. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60233-6
  2. Dunn JC, Turner HC, Tun A, Anderson RM. Epidemiological surveys of, and research on, soil-transmitted helminths in Southeast Asia: a systematic review. Parasit Vectors 2016;9:31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1310-2
  3. Ok KS, Kim YS, Song JH, Lee JH, Ryu SH, et al. Trichuris trichiura infection diagnosed by colonoscopy: case reports and review of literature. Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(3):275-280. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.3.275
  4. Ramdath DD, Simeon DT, Wong MS, Grantham-McGregor SM. Iron status of schoolchildren with varying intensities of Trichuris trichiura infection. Parasitology 1995;110(3):347-351. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000080938
  5. Hall JE, Sonnenberg B. An apparent case of human infection with the whipworm of dogs, Trichuris vulpis (Froelich, 1789). J Parasitol 1956;42(2):197-199. https://doi.org/10.2307/3274735
  6. Dunn JJ, Columbus ST, Aldeen WE, Davis M, Carroll KC. Trichuris vulpis recovered from a patient with chronic diarrhea and five dogs. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40(7):2703-2704. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.7.2703-2704.2002
  7. Areekul P, Putaporntip C, Pattanawong U, Sitthicharoenchai P, Jongwutiwes S. Trichuris vulpis and T. trichiura infections among schoolchildren of a rural community in northwestern Thailand: the possible role of dogs in disease transmission. Asian Biomed 2010;4(1):49-60. https://doi.org/10.2478/abm2010-0006
  8. Marquez-Navarro A, Garcia-Bracamontes G, Alvarez-Fernandez BE, Avila-Caballero LP, Santos-Aranda I, et al. Trichuris vulpis (Froelich, 1789) infection in a child: a case report. Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):69-71. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.69
  9. George S, Geldhof P, Albonico M, Ame SM, Bethony JM, et al. The molecular speciation of soil-transmitted helminth eggs collected from school children across six endemic countries. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2016;110(11):657-663. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trw078
  10. Wangner ED, Pena Chavarria AP. Morphologically altered eggs of Trichuris trichiura following treatment with mebendazole. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1974;23(2):154-157. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1974.23.154
  11. Nejsum P, Andersen KL, Andersen SD, Thamsborg SM, Tejedor AM. Mebendazole treatment persistently alters the size profile and morphology of Trichuris trichiura eggs. Acta Trop 2020;204:105347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105347
  12. Steinmann P, Rinaldi L, Cringoli G, Du ZW, Marti H, et al. Morphological diversity of Trichuris spp. eggs observed during an anthelmintic drug trial in Yunnan, China, and relative performance of parasitologic diagnostic tools. Acta Trop 2015;141 (B):184-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.08.018
  13. Guardone L, Deplazes P, Macchioni F, Magi M, Mathis A. Ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA analysis of Trichuridae nematodes of carnivores and small mammals. Vet Parasitol 2013;197(1-2):364-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.06.022
  14. Chai JY, Sohn WM, Hong SJ, Jung BK, Hong S, et al. Effect of mass drug administration with a single dose of albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infection among schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar. Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):195-200. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195
  15. Hong S, Jung BK, Song H, Cho J, Sohn WM, et al. Failure of repeated MDA with albendazole for trichuriasis control in schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar. Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(6):607-613. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.607
  16. Yoshikawa H, Yamada M, Matsumoto Y, Yoshida Y. Variations in egg size of Trichuris trichiura. Parasitol Res 1989;75(8):649-654. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00930964
  17. Wangner ED, Pena Chavarria AP. In vivo effects of a new anthelmintic, mebendazole (R-17, 635) on the eggs of Trichuris trichiura and hookworm. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1974;23(2):151-153. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1974.23.151
  18. Dorny P, Berghen P, Vercruysse J. Morphological changes in Capillaria obsignata (Nematoda: Trichuridae) eggs after treatment with cambendazole. Parasitol Res 1987;74(2):196-197. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00536034
  19. Thomas H. Ovacidal activity of febantel. N Z Vet J 1979;27(12): 273-275. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1979.34670
  20. Chai JY, Jung BK, Hong SJ. Albendazole and mebendazole as anti-parasitic and anti-cancer agents: an update. Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(3):189-225. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189