Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Elevated interleukin-10 levels in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis

  • Gee-Hyun Kim (Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Jae Hyuck Kwak (Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Young-Hoon Park (Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • Received : 2023.01.26
  • Accepted : 2023.06.18
  • Published : 2023.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In elderly patients, ocular toxoplasmosis is one of the most common etiologies of uveitis, which should be differentially diagnosed from ocular lymphoma, another common pathology of uveitis in older adults. The high level of interleukin (IL)-10 and an IL-10/IL-6 ratio higher than 1 (>1.0) are helpful parameters to diagnose ocular lymphoma. In this study, we used aqueous humor samples to detect 4 cases of ocular toxoplasmosis in patients with high levels of IL-10 and an IL-10/IL-6 ratio higher than 1. Our results show that ocular toxoplasmosis may be associated with increased cytokine levels in aqueous humor.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020R1F1A1074898).

References

  1. Subauste CS, Ajzenberg D, Kijlstra A. Review of the series "Disease of the year 2011: toxoplasmosis" pathophysiology of toxoplasmosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2011;19(5):297-306. https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2010.605198 
  2. Evering T, Weiss LM. The immunology of parasite infections in immunocompromised hosts. Parasite Immunol 2006;28(11):549-565. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00886.x 
  3. Dodds EM. Toxoplasmosis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2006;17(6):557-561. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICU.0b013e32801094ca 
  4. Gilbert RE, Dunn DT, Lightman S, Murray PI, Pavesio CE, et al. Incidence of symptomatic toxoplasma eye disease: aetiology and public health implications. Epidemiol Infect 1999;123(2):283-289. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899002800 
  5. McCannel CA, Holland GN, Helm CJ, Cornell PJ, Winston JV, et al. Causes of uveitis in the general practice of ophthalmology. UCLA Community-Based Uveitis Study Group. Am J Ophthalmol 1996;121(1):35-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70532-x 
  6. Ridley ME, McDonald HR, Sternberg P Jr, Blumenkranz MS, Zarbin MA, et al. Retinal manifestations of ocular lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma). Ophthalmology 1992;99(7):1153-1161. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(92)31834-2 
  7. Rattray KM, Cole MD, Smith SR. Systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as a serpiginous choroidopathy: report of a case and review of the literature. Eye (Lond) 2000;14:706-710. https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2000.188 
  8. Garweg JG, Jacquier P, Boehnke M. Early aqueous humor analysis in patients with human ocular toxoplasmosis. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38(3):996-1001. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.3.996-1001.2000 
  9. Buggage RR, Chan CC, Nussenblatt RB. Ocular manifestations of central nervous system lymphoma. Curr Opin Oncol 2001; 13(3):137-142. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001622-200105000-00001 
  10. Chan CC, Buggage RR, Nussenblatt RB. Intraocular lymphoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2002;13(6):411-418. https://doi.org/10.1097/00055735-200212000-00012 
  11. Coupland SE, Heimann H, Bechrakis NE. Primary intraocular lymphoma: a review of the clinical, histopathological and molecular biological features. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2004;242(11):901-913. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-004-0973-0 
  12. Karma A, von Willebrand EO, Tommila PV, Paetau AE, Oskala PS, et al. Primary intraocular lymphoma: improving the diagnostic procedure. Ophthalmology 2007;114(7):1372-1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.11.009 
  13. Blumenkranz MS, Ward T, Murphy S, Mieler W, Williams GA, et al. Applications and limitations of vitreoretinal biopsy techniques in intraocular large cell lymphoma. Retina 1992;12(suppl):64-70. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006982-199212031-00014 
  14. Cassoux N, Merle-Beral H, Lehoang P, Herbort C, Chan CC. Interleukin-10 and intraocular-central nervous system lymphoma. Ophthalmology 2001;108(3):426-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00401-2 
  15. Akpek EK, Maca SM, Christen WG, Foster CS. Elevated vitreous interleukin-10 level is not diagnostic of intraocular-central nervous system lymphoma. Ophthalmology 1999;106(12):2291-2295. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(99)90528-6 
  16. Muhaya M, Calder VL, Towler HM, Jolly G, McLauchlan M, et al. Characterization of phenotype and cytokine profiles of T cell lines derived from vitreous humour in ocular inflammation in man. Clin Exp Immunol 1999;116(3):410-414. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00921.x 
  17. Nickdel MB, Lyons RE, Roberts F, Brombacher F, Hunter CA, et al. Intestinal pathology during acute toxoplasmosis is IL-4 dependent and unrelated to parasite burden. Parasite Immunol 2004;26(2):75-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0141-9838.2004.00686.x 
  18. Wilson EH, Wille-Reece U, Dzierszinski F, Hunter CA. A critical role for IL-10 in limiting inflammation during toxoplasmic encephalitis. J Neuroimmunol 2005;165(1-2):63-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2005.04.018 
  19. Lang C, Gross U, Luder CG. Subversion of innate and adaptive immune responses by Toxoplasma gondii. Parasitol Res 2007;100(2):191-203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-006-0306-9