Journal of Platform Technology

ICT Platform Society (ICT플랫폼학회)
권호 표지

A Study on Safety Assessment Platform for wheelchair structural design

휠체어 설계를 위한 구조 안전성 평가 플랫폼 연구

  • 이용우 (신한대학교, 미래자동차공학과) ;
  • 이진희 (신한대학교 산학협력단)
  • Received : 2023.11.06
  • Accepted : 2023.12.18
  • Published : 2023.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

With the goal of ensuring the safety of wheelchair users, this study was conducted using finite element analysis, focusing on the development of a platform that can be used to evaluate safety during the design stage. Safety evaluation criteria for wheelchairs used in vehicles are defined in ANSI/RESNA WC19 and ISO 7176-19. Based on these standards, finite element analysis was performed to assess the sectional forces of each component of the wheelchair and sensitivity analysis was conducted based on the specifications. These results were used to derive equivalent composite loads for the wheelchair's main components, determine the necessary sectional specifications for these main components in the wheelchair design phase, and investigate the process of safety assessment verification. The study showed that member forces vary with changes in the cross-sectional values of the wheelchair frame's main components, with the front and rear lower members, as well as the rear upper and lower members, requiring the highest cross-sectional values for safety design. This study offers a proactive method for evaluating safety in the wheelchair design stage, and in future research, we plan to develop a safety evaluation platform based on these results.

본 연구는 휠체어 사용자의 안전성을 확보하기 위한 목적으로, 유한요소 해석을 활용하여 휠체어의 구조 안전성을 평가할 수 있는 플랫폼의 개발을 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 차량 탑승 휠체어의 안전 평가 기준은 ANSI/RESNA WC 19 및 ISO 7176-19에서 정의되어 있다. 이러한 기준을 기반으로 유한요소 해석을 수행하여 휠체어의 각 부재의 단면력을 분석하고 제원에 따른 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 휠체어의 주요 부재에 대한 등가 복합하중을 도출하고, 휠체어 설계 시 주요 부재가 가져야 하는 단면 제원을 확인하며 안전성 평가 검증 프로세스를 연구하였다. 연구 결과, 휠체어 프레임의 주요 부재의 단면값이 변화함에 따라 부재력이 변화하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 안전 설계를 위해 측면부의 전후방향 하부 부재와 후면부 상하방향 부재가 가장 높은 단면값의 확보가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 휠체어 설계단계에서 안전성을 사전에 평가할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였으며, 향후 연구에서는 이 결과를 기반으로 휠체어의 설계 제원에 따른 안전평가 플랫폼의 연구를 수행하고자 한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국토교통부 "자동차전용도로 주행이 가능한 저상 좌석버스 표준모델 개발"사업의 연구비지원(과제번호# RS-2023-00253588)에 의해 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. T. J. Songer, S. G. Fitzgerald and K. A. Rotko, "The Injury Risk to Wheelchair Occupants Using Motor Vehicle Transportation," Annual proceedings of Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, Vol.48, pp.115-129, 2004
  2. S. G. Fitzgerald, T. Songer, K. A. Rotko and P. Karg, "Motor Vehicle Transportation Use and Related Adverse Events Among Persons Who Use Wheelchairs," Assistive Technology, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 180-187, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2007.10131875
  3. L. W. Schneider, M. A. Manary, N. R. Orton, J. Hu, K. D. Klinich, C. A. Flannagan and J. L. Moore, "Wheelchair Occupant Studies," UMTRI, UMTRI-2016-8, Jul. 2016.
  4. L. W. Schneider, D. A. Hobson and G. E. Bertocci, "A Rationale and Guideline to Recommended Practice SAE J2249-Wheelchair Tiedowns and Occupant Restraint Systems for Use in Motor Vehicles," Technical Report No. 8, RERC on Wheeled Mobility, University of Pittsburgh, Jun. 1999.
  5. M. A. Manary, N. L. Ritchie and L. W. Schneider, "WC19: A wheelchair transportation safety standard-Experience to date and future directions," Medical Engineering & Physics, Vol.32(3), pp. 263-271, Apr. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.08.012
  6. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Rehabilitation Engineering Society of North America(RESNA), "WC-19 Wheelchairs Used as Seats in Motor Vehicles," 1999
  7. Society for Automobile Engineers International, SAE J2249, "Wheelchair Tiedown and Occupant Restraint Systems for Use in Motor Vehicles," 1999
  8. International Organization for Standardization., ISO 7176-19:2019, "Wheelchairs - Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles," 2019
  9. S. M. Kim, S. J. Kim, T. G. Kang, B. H. Jun, K. H. Kim and M. S. Moon, "A Safety Assessment by Risk Analysis Method on Wheelchair Occupant in Frontal & Side Impact of Wheelchair Loaded Vehicle,", Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, Vol.21, No.6, pp. 179- 187, 2004.
  10. S. M. Kim, M. P. Lee and S. Y. Park, "Analysis of Criteria Regarding Frontal and Side Impacts of Wheelchair Occupant in Vehicle by Computer Simulation Method," Journal of biomedical engineering research, Vol.27, N0.6, pp.365-369, 2006.
  11. J. S. Han and J. B. Choi, "A Study on the Impact Safety Test for Wheelchairs," International Journal of Safety, Vol.7, No.1, pp.30-34, 2008.
  12. T. Y. Kim, S. J. Shim, S. W. Kim and B. D. Kang, "A Study on Wheelchair Occupant Injury in Wheelchair Accessible Vehicle by the Sled Test," Transactions of KSAE, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp.140- 148, 2017. https://doi.org/10.7467/KSAE.2017.25.2.140
  13. K. Kim, J. Shin, B. Yong and B. Kang, "Occupant Safety Analysis for Wheelchair Bus Development," Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 39-45, 2020. https://doi.org/10.22680/KASA2020.12.1.039
  14. H. S. Oh, G. S. Kim and S. S. Cheon, "A Study on the Analysis of Human Injury According to the Fixed Position of the Tie-down Type Wheelchair," Korean Society of Mechanical Technology, Vol.19, No.4, pp.478-483, 2017. https://doi.org/10.17958/ksmt.19.4.201708.478
  15. UMTRI, "Website on Wheelchair Transportation Safety: https://wc-transportationsafety.umtri.umich.edu/ ," Updated in Mar. 2022.
  16. K. D. Klinich, M. A. Manary, A. Miriam, N. R. Orton, K. J. Boyle, and J. Hu, "Development of Side Impact Test Procedures for Improved Wheelchair Transportation Safety," UMTRI, May 2023. Available: https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/177516
  17. K. D. Klinich, J. Hu, K. J. Boyle, M. A. Manary and N. R. Orton, "Finite Element Models of Wheelchairs and Associated Components to Support Wheelchair Transportation Research [Data set]," University of Michigan-Deep Blue Data, Aug. 2023. Available: https://doi.org/10.7302/xqqe-ef62
  18. UMTRI, "Testing Wheelchairs, Wheelchair Seating Systems, and Wheelchair Tiedown and Occupant Restraint Systems (WTORS) to Industry Wheelchair Transportation Safety (WTS) Standards", Wheelchair Transportation Safety Testing Brochure, 2021. Available: UMTRI Impact Test Services - Wheelchair Transportation Safety (umich.edu)