Journal of Korea Trade

한국무역학회 (Korea Trade Research Association)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Perceptions of the Relationship between Port Security Level, Resilience, Cargo Operational Performance, and Sustainability Performance among Korean Port Operators and Shipping Companies

  • Chan-Ho Kim (Port Policy & Operation Department, Korea Maritime Institute) ;
  • Sang-Gyun Choi (Port Policy & Operation Department, Korea Maritime Institute) ;
  • Sung-Ki Kim (Department of International Trade, Gyeonsang National University)
  • 투고 : 2023.02.08
  • 심사 : 2023.06.09
  • 발행 : 2023.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Purpose - As globalization progresses, complexity also increases, and various factors that threaten port functions are emerging. Accordingly, the demand for port security to prevent the crisis and resilience that quickly recovers its original function after the crisis is also increasing in port operations. However, few studies have examined how to ensure the port security and how the resilience affects operation performance of port and sustainability performance as well. So the study aims to find out how port security affects port resilience and port operational performance, and consequently, this two factors affect socioeconomic and environmental sustainability performance respectively and synthetically. Design/methodology - Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was first performed to determine the validity of the factors of model and hypothesis test was performed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) to analyze the Port Performance Model, which show the perception logic among port security level, port resilience, operation performance, and sustainability performance. In order to empirically analyze this model, total 264 respondents from port security operators, shipping companies in South Korea were surveyed. Findings - As result of SEM, First, port security level positively affected the resilience (H1) and cargo operational performance (H2) but not in both of the sustainability performances (H3, H4). Second, resilience positively affected only cargo operational performance (H5) and socio-economic sustainability performance (H7). Last, cargo operation performance positively affects the both of sustainability performances (H8, H9). Originality/value - It was confirmed that port security could improve cargo operational performance through ensuring port resilience and eventually increase the socio-economic sustainability. Therefore the study implies that careful integration and management of port security, port resilience, and sustainability are required, along with compromise on sustainable development goals in the social, economic, and environmental area among all stakeholders.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abdelilah, B., A. El Korchi and M.A. Balambo (2018), "Flexibility and Agility: Evolution and Relationship", Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. 29(7), 1138-1162. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-03-2018-0090
  2. Asprone, D. and G. Manfredi (2015), "Linking Disaster Resilience and Urban Sustainability: A Glocal Approach for Future Cities", Disasters, 39(s1), s96-s111. https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12106
  3. Bernardes, E.S. and M.D. Hanna (2009), "A Theoretical Review of Flexibility, Agility and Responsiveness in the Operations Management Literature: Toward a Conceptual Definition of Customer Responsiveness", International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 29(1), 30-53. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443570910925352
  4. Bichou, K. (2008), "Security and Risk-based Models in Shipping and Ports: Review and Critical Analysis", OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Paper, No. 2008-20, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Joint Transport Research Centre (JTRC), Paris.
  5. Chang, C.-H. and V.V. Thai (2016), "Do Port Security Quality and Service Quality Influence Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty?", Maritime Policy & Management, 43(6), 720-736. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2016.1151086
  6. Chen, F., K.A. Bollen, P. Paxton, P.J. Curran and J.B. Kirby (2001), "Improper Solutions in Structural Equation Models: Causes, Consequences, and Strategies", Sociological methods & research, 29(4), 468-508. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124101029004003
  7. Commission, E. (2014), Sustainable Ports: A Guide for Port Authorities, PIANC.
  8. Crutch, M. (2006), The Benefits of Investing in Global Supply Chain Security: Executive Summary from the CVCR 2006 Roundtable Meeting,, US, Center for Value Chain Research, Lehigh University.
  9. Eckstein, D., M. Goellner, C. Blome and M. Henke (2015), "The Performance Impact of Supply Chain Agility and Supply Chain Adaptability: The Moderating Effect of Product Complexity", International Journal of Production Research, 53(10), 3028-3046. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2014.970707
  10. Erdi, P. (2008), Complexity Explained, Heidelberg, Springer.
  11. Fiksel, J. (2003), "Designing Resilient, Sustainable Systems", Environmental Science & Technology, 37(23), 5330-5339. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0344819
  12. Fornell, C. and D.F. Larcker (1981), "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error", Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
  13. Francis, R. and B. Bekera (2014), "A Metric and Frameworks for Resilience Analysis of Engineered and Infrastructure Systems", Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 121, 90-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2013.07.004
  14. Gao, J. and P. Bansal (2013), "Instrumental and Integrative Logics in Business Sustainability", Journal of Business Ethics, 112(2), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1245-2
  15. Hair, J.F. (2009), Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.), Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall.
  16. Hakam, M.H. and W.D. Solvang (2009), "On Flexibility and Sustainability in Container Ports", 2009 IEEE/INFORMS International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics, IEEE.
  17. Harrell, B. and N. Sales (2019), A Guide to Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, Ambassador Nathan Sales. Cisa. gov.
  18. Hintsa, J., X. Gutierrez, P. Wieser and A.-P. Hameri (2009), "Supply Chain Security Management: an Overview", International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 5(3-4), 344-355. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLSM.2009.022501
  19. Juttner, U. and S. Maklan (2011), "Supply Chain Resilience in the Global Financial Crisis: An Empirical Study", Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 16(4), 246-259. https://doi.org/10.1108/13598541111139062
  20. Kang, D. and S. Kim (2017), "Conceptual Model Development of Sustainability Practices: The Case of Port Operations for Collaboration and Governance", Sustainability, 9(12), 2333.
  21. Keeble, B.R. (1988), "The Brundtland Report: 'Our Common Future'", Medicine and War, 4(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/07488008808408783
  22. Kim, C. (2021), A Study on the Impact of Port Security and Port Resilience on Port Sustainability Performance (Doctoral Dissertation), Seoul: Seoul National University.
  23. Kim, J., M. Su, K. Park and S. Roh (2023), "The Effect of Container Shipping Supply Chain Integration on Operational Performance: The Mediating Role of Information Sharing", Journal of Korea Trade, 27(1), 19-41. https://doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2023.27.1.19
  24. Kim, S. and B.G. Chiang (2017), "The Role of Sustainability Practices in International Port Operations: An Analysis of Moderation Effect", Journal of Korea Trade, 21(2), 125-144. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKT-03-2017-0025
  25. Kim, S., S. Choi and C. Kim (2021), "The Framework for Measuring Port Resilience in Korean Port Case", Sustainability, 13(21), 11883.
  26. Levin, S.A. (2006), "Learning to Live in a Global Commons: Socioeconomic Challenges for a Sustainable Environment", Ecological Research, 21(3), 328-333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-006-0162-1
  27. Lu, C.-S., K.-C. Shang and C.-C. Lin (2016a), "Examining Sustainability Performance at Ports: Port Managers' Perspectives on Developing Sustainable Supply Chains", Maritime Policy & Management, 43(8), 909-927. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2016.1199918
  28. Lu, C.-S., K.-C. Shang and C.-C. Lin (2016b), "Identifying Crucial Sustainability Assessment Criteria for Container Seaports", Maritime Business Review, 1(2), 90-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/MABR-05-2016-0009
  29. MacCallum, R. C. and J. T. Austin (2000), "Applications of structural equation modeling in psychological research", Annual review of psychology, 51(1), 201-226. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.201
  30. Matutinovic, I. (2015), "National Security in the Context of Sustainability", Croatia in Contemporary Security Environment-Threats, Challenges and Responses, 63.
  31. Mazaheri, A. and D. Ekwall (2009), "Impacts of the ISPS Code on Port Activities: A Case Study on Swedish Ports", World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research, 2(4), 326-342. https://doi.org/10.1504/WRITR.2009.026211
  32. Ortiz-de-Mandojana, N. and P. Bansal (2016), "The Long-term Benefits of Organizational Resilience through Sustainable Business Practices", Strategic Management Journal, 37(8), 1615-1631. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2410
  33. Peleg-Gillai, B., G. Bhat and L. Sept (2006), Innovators in Supply Chain Security: Better Security Drives Business Value, Manufacturing Institute Washington, DC.
  34. Pettit, T.J., K.L. Croxton and J. Fiksel (2013), "Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience: Development and Implementation of an Assessment Tool", Journal of Business Logistics, 34(1), 46-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbl.12009
  35. Pettit, T.J., J. Fiksel and K.L. Croxton (2010), "Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience: Development of a Conceptual Framework", Journal of Business Logistics, 31(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00125.x
  36. Sadovaya, E. and V.V. Thai (2015), "Impacts of Implementation of the Effective Maritime Security Management Model (EMSMM) on Organizational Performance of Shipping Companies", The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 31(2), 195-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2015.06.002
  37. Shashi, P. Centobelli, R. Cerchione and M. Ertz (2020), "Managing Supply Chain Resilience to Pursue Business and Environmental Strategies", Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(3), 1215-1246. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2428
  38. Smiljanic, D. (2016), "Sustainability and National Security", URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299489585/download.
  39. Stein, M. and M. Acciaro (2020), "Value Creation through Corporate Sustainability in the Port Sector: A Structured Literature Analysis", Sustainability, 12(14), 5504.
  40. Thai, V.V. (2009), "Effective Maritime Security: Conceptual Model and Empirical Evidence", Maritime Policy & Management, 36(2), 147-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088830902868115
  41. UNCTAD (2018), 50 Years of Review of Maritime Transport, 1968-2018-Reflecting on the Past, Exploring The Future, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
  42. Urciuoli, L., H. Sternberg and D. Ekwall (2010) 'The Effects of Security on Transport Performance', Conference proceedings of World Conference on Transportation 2010.
  43. Vugrin, E.D., D.E. Warren, M.A. Ehlen and R.C. Camphouse (2010), "A Framework for Assessing the Resilience of Infrastructure and Economic Systems", In: Gopalakrishnan, K and S., Peeta, (Eds) Sustainable and Resilient Critical Infrastructure Systems. Heidelberg., Springer.
  44. Yang, C.-C. and W.-L. Hsu (2018), "Evaluating the Impact of Security Management Practices on Resilience Capability in Maritime Firms-A Relational Perspective", Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 110(220-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.06.005
  45. Yang, C.C. and H.H. Wei (2013), "The Effect of Supply Chain Security Management on Security Performance in Container Shipping Operations", Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 18(1), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.1108/13598541311293195
  46. Yang, Y.-C. (2010), "Impact of the Container Security Initiative on Taiwan's Shipping Industry", Maritime Policy & Management, 37(7), 699-722. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2010.524737
  47. Yu, S., S.-W. Kim, C.-W. Oh, H. An and J.-M. Kim (2015), "Quantitative Assessment of Disaster Resilience: An Empirical Study on the Importance of Post-disaster Recovery Costs", Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 137, 6-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2014.12.007