Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Estimation of potential distribution of sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) and climate change impact using MaxEnt

MaxEnt를 활용한 개미바구미(Cylas formicarius)의 잠재 분포와 기후변화 영향 모의

  • Jinsol Hong (Ojeong Resilience Institute, Korea University) ;
  • Heewon Hong (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Sumin Pi (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Soohyun Lee (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Jae Ha Shin (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Yongeun Kim (Ojeong Resilience Institute, Korea University) ;
  • Kijong Cho (Ojeong Resilience Institute, Korea University)
  • 홍진솔 (고려대학교 오정리질리언스연구원) ;
  • 홍희원 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과) ;
  • 피수민 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과) ;
  • 이수현 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과) ;
  • 신재하 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과) ;
  • 김용은 (고려대학교 오정리질리언스연구원) ;
  • 조기종 (고려대학교 오정리질리언스연구원)
  • Received : 2023.12.01
  • Accepted : 2023.12.22
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

The key to invasive pest management lies in preemptive action. However, most current research using species distribution models is conducted after an invasion has occurred. This study modeled the potential distribution of the globally notorious sweet potato pest, the sweet potato weevil(Cylas formicarius), that has not yet invaded Korea using MaxEnt. Using global occurrence data, bioclimatic variables, and topsoil characteristics, MaxEnt showed high explanatory power as both the training and test areas under the curve exceeded 0.9. Among the environmental variables used in this study, minimum temperature in the coldest month (BIO06), precipitation in the driest month (BIO14), mean diurnal range (BIO02), and bulk density (BDOD) were identified as key variables. The predicted global distribution showed high values in most countries where the species is currently present, with a significant potential invasion risk in most South American countries where C. formicarius is not yet present. In Korea, Jeju Island and the southwestern coasts of Jeollanam-do showed very high probabilities. The impact of climate change under shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios indicated an expansion along coasts as climate change progresses. By applying the 10th percentile minimum training presence rule, the potential area of occurrence was estimated at 1,439 km2 under current climate conditions and could expand up to 9,485 km2 under the SSP585 scenario. However, the model predicted that an inland invasion would not be serious. The results of this study suggest a need to focus on the risk of invasion in islands and coastal areas.

침입생물 관리의 핵심은 선제적 대응에 있으나, 현재 종분포 모형을 활용한 연구는 대부분 침입 이후에 수행되는 실정이다. 본 연구는 아직 국내에 침입하지 못한 전 세계적으로 악명 높은 고구마 해충, 개미바구미(Cylas formicarius)의 잠재 분포를 MaxEnt 모형을 활용해 모의했다. 전지구 수준의 출현 자료와 생물기후변수, 표토의 특성과 관한 변수들을 활용해 모형을 구축한 결과, Training/Test AUC 모두 0.9 이상으로 매우 설명력이 높았다. 활용한 환경변수들 중에서는 가장 추운 달의 최저온도(BIO06), 가장 건조한 달의 강수량(BIO14), 평균 일교차(BIO02), 전용적밀도(bulk density, BDOD)가 주요한 변수로 분석되었다. 전지구 분포 예측 결과, 대부분의 출현 국가들에서 높은 예측 값을 보였으며, 남미의 경우 현재 분포하지 않은 대부분의 국가에서 높은 출현확률을 보여 잠재적 침입 위험이 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 국내 잠재 분포를 예측한 결과, 제주도와 전남 남서해안지역의 잠재 분포 확률이 매우 높았다. SSP (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway) 시나리오에 대한 기후변화 영향을 분석한 결과, 잠재 분포는 전국 해안을 따라 확장되었다. 잠재적인 발생 면적의 경우 10MTP (10th percentile minimum training presence) 규칙 적용시 현재 기후하에서 1,439 km2였으며 SSP585에서 최대 9,485 km2까지 확대될 가능성이 있을 것으로 예측되었다. 그러나, 내륙지방으로의 전국적 분포는 예측되지 않아 전국 도서·해안지역의 침입 위험을 중심적으로 대비해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through Climate Change R&D Project for New Climate Regime (2022003570005), funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE). This research was also supported by Core Research Institute Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2021R1A6A1A10045235).

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