환경생물 (Korean Journal of Environmental Biology)

  • 제41권4호
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  • Pages.386-399
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  • 2023
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  • 1226-9999(pISSN)
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  • 2287-7851(eISSN)
한국환경생물학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Biology)
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기수산 물벼룩에서 수온과 polystyrene beads의 복합 독성

Combined toxic effects of water temperature and polystyrene beads in the brackish water flea

  • 이윤하 (상명대학교 융합공과대학 생명공학전공) ;
  • 박종석 (상명대학교 융합공과대학 생명공학전공) ;
  • 박채린 (상명대학교 융합공과대학 생명공학전공) ;
  • 조상현 (상명대학교 융합공과대학 생명공학전공) ;
  • 유제원 (상명대학교 융합공과대학 생명공학전공) ;
  • 이영미 (상명대학교 융합공과대학 생명공학전공)
  • Youn-Ha Lee (Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Jong-Seok Park (Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Chaerin Park (Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Sang-Hyun Cho (Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Je-Won Yoo (Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Young-Mi Lee (Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University)
  • 투고 : 2023.08.08
  • 심사 : 2023.11.08
  • 발행 : 2023.12.31
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초록

미세플라스틱과 나노플라스틱(NMPs)은 해양생물에 대한 생식 방해, 산화적 스트레스 등의 부정적 영향을 줄 수 있어 해양생태계의 유해오염물질 중 하나로 간주된다. 전 지구적 기후변화로 해수 온도가 상승하고 있음에도 불구하고 미세플라스틱과 온도변화 간의 독성학적 상호 작용에 대한 연구는 제한적이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 기수산 물벼룩 Diaphanosoma celebensis에 대한 NMPs(polystyrene beads; 0.05-, 6-㎛)의 온도 상승에 따른 독성을 개체 및 유전자 수준에서 확인하였다. 개체 수준에서의 첫 생식 시점은 온도 상승에 의해 빨라지는 양상을 보였으나 35℃ 온도 조건에서 PS beads에 노출된 경우 유의하게 지연되었다. 총 산란 수는 30℃, 0.05-㎛ PS beads에 노출된 경우에서만 유의하게 감소하였다. 상호작용 분석결과 첫번째 생식 시점과 항산화 및 열충격 단백질 유전자(GSTS1 및 Hsp70) 및 ecdysteroid 경로 관련 유전자(EcR_A, EcR_B, 및 CYP314A1)가 온도 및 PS 입자 크기에 주로 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 미세플라스틱이 크기 의존적인 독성을 가지고 있음을 보여줌과 동시에 온도 증가로 인해 독성이 강화될 수 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 미세플라스틱의 독성을 평가할 때 수온 등 다양한 요소 또한 고려되어야 한다는 점을 제시하였으며, 해양동물 플랑크톤에 대한 수온과 미세플라스틱의 복합적 독성 상호작용에 대한 이해를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

Microplastics and nanoplastics (NMPs) are considered one of hazardous contaminants in marine ecosystems due to their toxic effects, such as reproduction disorder and oxidative stress, on marine organisms. Although water temperature is rising due to global climate change, little information on the toxicological interaction between NMPs and temperature is available. Therefore, in this study, we confirmed the toxicity of NMPs (polystyrene [PS] beads; 0.05- and 6-㎛) on brackish water fleas (Diaphanosoma celebensis) depending on increased temperature (30℃ and 35℃) at individual and molecular levels. In the chronic toxicity test, the group exposed to high temperatures showed an earlier first reproduction time compared to the normal temperatures group, but it was delayed by co-exposure to NMPs at 35℃. Notably, the total reproduction decreased significantly only after 0.05-㎛ PS beads exposure at 30℃. Interaction analysis showed that first reproduction time, modulation of the antioxidant-related gene (GSTS1), heat shock gene (Hsp70), and ecdysteroid pathway-related genes (EcR_A, EcR_B, and CYP314A1) were closely related to temperature and PS beads size. These results indicate that microplastics have size-dependent toxicity, and their toxicity can be enhanced at high temperatures. In addition, higher temperatures and PS beads exposure may have negative effects on reproduction. This study suggests that various factors such as water temperature should be considered when evaluating the toxicity of microplastics in marine ecosystems, and provides an understanding of the complex toxic interaction between water temperature and microplastics for marine zooplankton.

키워드

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