The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Chemical Resistance of Diaporthe citri against Systemic Fungicides on Citrus

  • Zar Zar Soe (Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Yong Ho Shin (Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Hyun Su Kang (Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Yong Chull Jeun (Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
  • Received : 2023.05.17
  • Accepted : 2023.06.29
  • Published : 2023.08.01
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Abstract

Citrus melanose, caused by Diaporthe citri, has been one of the serious diseases, and chemical fungicides were used for protection in many citrus orchards of Jeju Island. Establishing a disinfectant resistance management system and reducing pesticide usage would be important for contributing to safe agricultural production. In this study, monitoring of chemical resistance was performed with 40 representative D. citri isolates from many citrus orchards in Jeju Island. Four different fungicides, kresoxim-methyl, benomyl, fluazinam, and prochloraz manganese, with seven different concentrations were tested in vitro by growing the mycelium of the fungal isolates on the artificial medium potato dextrose agar. Among the 40 fungal isolates, 12 isolates were investigated as resistant to kresoxim-methyl which could not inhibit the mycelium growth to more than 50%. Especially isolate NEL21-2 was also resistant against benomyl, whose hyphae grew well even on the highest chemical concentration. However, any chemical resistance of fungal isolates was found against neither fluazinam nor prochloraz manganese. On the other hand, in vivo bio-testing of some resistant isolates was performed against both kresoxim-methyl and benomyl on young citrus leaves. Typical melanose symptoms developed on the citrus leaves pre-treated with both agrochemicals after inoculation with the resistant isolates. However, no or less symptoms were observed when the susceptible isolates were inoculated. Based on these results, it was suggested that some resistant isolates of D. citri occurred against both systemic fungicides, which may be valuable to build a strategy for protecting citrus disease.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was carried out with the support of 'Cooperative Research Program for 189 Agriculture Science and Technology Development (PJ0169062023)' funded by Rural 190 Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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