Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국수산과학회)
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Effect of fermented sarco oyster extract on age induced sarcopenia muscle repair by modulating regulatory T cells

  • Kyung-A Byun (Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University) ;
  • Seyeon Oh (Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Graduate School and Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University) ;
  • Sosorburam Batsukh (Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University) ;
  • Kyoung-Min Rheu (Marine Bioprocess Co., Ltd., Marine Bio-Industry Development Center) ;
  • Bae-Jin Lee (Marine Bioprocess Co., Ltd., Marine Bio-Industry Development Center) ;
  • Kuk Hui Son (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University) ;
  • Kyunghee Byun (Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University)
  • Received : 2023.03.25
  • Accepted : 2023.04.14
  • Published : 2023.06.30
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Abstract

Sarcopenia is an age-related, progressive skeletal muscle disorder involving the loss of muscle mass and strength. Previous studies have shown that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from fermented oysters aids in regulatory T cells (Tregs) cell expansion and function by enhancing autophagy, and concomitantly mediate muscle regeneration by modulating muscle inflammation and satellite cell function. The fermentation process of oysters not only increases the GABA content but also enhances the content of branched amino acids and free amino acids that aid the level of protein absorption and muscle strength, mass, and repair. In this study, the effect of GABA-enriched fermented sarco oyster extract (FSO) on reduced muscle mass and functions via Treg modulation and enhanced autophagy in aged mice was investigated. Results showed that FSO enhanced the expression of autophagy markers (autophagy-related gene 5 [ATG5] and GABA receptor-associated protein [GABARAP]), forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression, and levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-10 and transforming growth factor [TGF]-β) secreted by Tregs while reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-17A and interferon [IFN]-γ). Furthermore, FSO increased the expression of IL-33 and its receptor IL-1 receptor-like 1 (ST2); well-known signaling pathways that increase amphiregulin (Areg) secretion and expression of myogenesis markers (myogenic factor 5, myoblast determination protein 1, and myogenin). Muscle mass and function were also enhanced via FSO. Overall, the current study suggests that FSO increased autophagy, which enhanced Treg accumulation and function, decreased muscle inflammation, and increased satellite cell function for muscle regeneration and therefore could decrease the loss of muscle mass and function with aging.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries of Korea (grant number 20190014).

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