Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Distributional Characteristics of the Population and Assessment of the Conservation Status of Michelia Compressa on Korea

국내 초령목 개체군의 분포특성과 보전지위평가

  • Jong-Gab Kim (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Dae-Shin Kim (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Su-Kyoung Kim (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Hyun-Mi Jeong (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Young-Ki Song (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Sung-Won Son (Gwangneung Forest Conservation Center, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Jung-Goon Koh (Research Department for Hallasan, World Heritage Office, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province)
  • 김종갑 (제주특별자치도 세계유산본부 한라산연구부) ;
  • 김대신 (제주특별자치도 세계유산본부 한라산연구부) ;
  • 김수경 (제주특별자치도 세계유산본부 한라산연구부) ;
  • 정현미 (제주특별자치도 세계유산본부 한라산연구부) ;
  • 송영기 (제주특별자치도 세계유산본부 한라산연구부) ;
  • 손성원 (국립수목원 광릉수목보전센터) ;
  • 고정군 (제주특별자치도 세계유산본부 한라산연구부)
  • Received : 2023.03.16
  • Accepted : 2023.06.16
  • Published : 2023.06.30
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Abstract

This study was carried out to identify the distribution and growth characteristics and evaluate the conservation status of the Michelia compressa Maxim., a rare and endangered wild plant II, in the habitats in Korea. A total of 314 individuals were found in the natural habitats of Heuksan Island and Jeju Island and were divided into four populations. About 45.9% (144 individuals) were distributed in the range of 401m~500m above sea level. The average height of trees was 2.7(±4.8)m, the diameter at breast height was 12.6(±13.9)cm, and the number of branches was 1.0(±0.5) on average. 54.3% of the sapling individuals of M. compressa were distributed within a radius of 30 m from the mother tree, 25.8% were distributed between 31 m through 40 m, and most (90.1%) were distributed within a radius of 60 m. The fact that sapling individuals of M. compressa are not identified even around some mature individuals and appear only in extremely limited areas is estimated to be closely related to the growth conditions as well as the environment of the natural habitats. The dispersal of M. compressa is presumed to be related to the birds and natural seedlings because water puddles, a resting place for birds beyond the range of natural seedlings, characterize its habitats. The IUCN Red List evaluation criteria at the regional and national level of M. compressa corresponds to the Critically Endangered category, and the domestic population under the category of "CR B2ab(v); C2a(i); D."

본 연구는 국내 희귀 및 멸종위기야생식물 II 급인 초령목의 자생지에서의 분포와 생육 특성을 파악하고 보전지위를 평가하고자 실시하였다. 초령목은 흑산도와 제주도에서 자생지가 확인되었는데, 4개의 개체군으로 구분되었다. 자생지에서 314개체가 확인되었으며, 이중 약 45.9%(144개체)가 해발고도 401m~500m 범위에 분포하였다. 수고는 평균 2.7(±4.8)m였으며, 흉고직경은 12.6(±13.9)cm였고 분지는 평균 1.0(±0.5)개로 나타났다. 초령목의 어린나무 개체들은 어미목에서 반경 30m 이내에 54.3%가 분포하였고, 31m~40m 사이에서 25.8%가 분포하였으며, 반경 60m 이내에 대부분(90.1%)이 확인되었다. 초령목의 어린나무 개체들이 일부 성숙목 주변에서도 확인되지 않고, 극히 한정된 지역에서만 출현하는 것은 자생지 환경뿐만 아니라 생육조건과 관계가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 초령목의 종자 산포는 천연하종과 더불어 조류가 관여하는 것으로 추정되는데, 이는 천연하종의 범위 이상에서 발견되는 자생지는 조류가 쉴 수 있는 물웅덩이가 근처에 존재하는 공통적인 특징을 지녔기 때문이다. 초령목의 지역 및 국가수준의 IUCN 적색목록 평가기준의 범주는 위급(Critically Endangered) 범주에 해당하며 국내 개체군은 "CR B2ab(v); C2a(i); D" 범주로 평가되는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립수목원 희귀식물의 개체군 특성 정보 구축 및 보전 관리방안 연구(KNA-1-2-37, 20-4)로 수행된 결과를 보충하고 다시 분석하여 작성하였습니다. 현장조사에 도움을 주신 고대용님, 유영보님, 양숙희님, 전미란님께 진심으로 감사드립니다.

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