Journal of Power Electronics

The Korean Institute of Power Electronics (전력전자학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

FPGA-based real-time simulation of LCC-HVDC systems with C-NAM method

  • Ruolan Li (Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Danyong Li (Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Yang Gao (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Transmission Technology, State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Chen Gu (State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yangzhou Power Supply Branch) ;
  • Xiaoyi Sun (Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Li Fan (Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University)
  • Received : 2022.08.05
  • Accepted : 2022.12.23
  • Published : 2023.06.20
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The real-time simulation of a line-commutated converter-high voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) system based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is proposed to meet the increasingly complex dynamic characteristics and real-time simulation requirements of HVDCs. In addition, a real-time simulation platform based on a CPU+FPGA is established for simulation verification. First, a simulation model of the 12-pulse rectifier of an LCC-HVDC is established using the compact nodal analysis method (C-NAM). When compared with the traditional node analysis method, C-NAM reduces the number of multiplication executions in a single simulation step, and the degree of program serialization is significantly reduced, which greatly improves the real-time simulation speed of a FPGA. Then, this simulation model is programmed in a FPGA, and the optimization algorithm further shortens the simulation step size. Finally, a 12-pulse LCC-HVDC is compared and verified with a 1 µs simulation step on a FPGA real-time simulation platform, and a simulation analysis verifies the accuracy of the model. This method can improve the simulation scale of an LCC-HVDC system, and enhance the versatility of the LCC-HVDC real-time simulator based on a FPGA.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2020JBM011.

References

  1. Wanjun, Z., Nanchao, Z.: Development History of HVDC in China. China Electric Power Press, Beijing (2017)
  2. Chiniforoosh, S., Atighechi, H., Jatskevich, J.: A generalized methodology for dynamic average modeling of high-pulse-count rectifiers in transient simulation programs. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. 31(1), 228-239 (2016)
  3. Rui, C., Jingjia, L., Hualiang, D., et al.: Valve group failure exit control method for UHVDC multi-terminal hybrid system. Southern Power Syst. Technol. 16(2), 67-73 (2022)
  4. Xiaoxin, Z., Shuyong, C., Zongxiang, L.: Technical characteristics of my country's new generation power system in energy transition. J. Electr. Eng. 38(07), 1893-1904+2205 (2018)
  5. Xiangzhen, Y., Qi, S., Yan, D., et al.: Performance analysis of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation. Power Syst. Technol. 43(1), 251-262 (2019)
  6. Zhang, Y., Ding, H., Kuffel, R.: Key techniques in real time digital simulation for closed-loop testing of HVDC systems. CSEE J. Power Energy Syst. 3(2), 125-130 (2017) https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2017.0016
  7. Guillaud, X., Faruque, M.O., Teninge, A.: Applications of real-time simulation technologies in power and energy systems. IEEE Power Energy Technol. Syst. J. 2(3), 103-115 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1109/JPETS.2015.2445296
  8. Vijay, A.S., Doolla, S., Chandorkar, M.C.: Real time testing approaches for microgrids. IEEE J. Emerg. Select. Top. Power Electron. 5(3), 1356-1376 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1109/JESTPE.2017.2695486
  9. Chengshan, W., Chengdi, D., Peng, L.: FPGA-based real-time transient simulation of photovoltaic generation system. Autom. Electr. Power Syst. 3(10), 13-20 (2015)
  10. Liang, T., Liu, Q., Dinavahi, V.R.: Real-time hardware-in-the-loop emulation of high-speed rail power system with SiC-based energy conversion. IEEE Access 8(1), 12348 (2020)
  11. Zhu Jianxin, Hu., Daorong, H.L.: Research on high-precision and low-cost full-FPGA real-time simulation model applied to cascaded STATCOM. J. Electrotech. Technol. 34(4), 777-785 (2019)
  12. Milton, M., C.D.L.O, Ginn, H.L.: Controller-embeddable probabilistic real-time digital twins for power electronic converter diagnostics. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 35(9), 9850-9864 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2020.2971775
  13. Liu, J., Dinavahi, V.: Detailed magnetic equivalent circuit based real-time nonlinear power transformer model on FPGA for electromagnetic transient studies. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 63(2), 1191-1202 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2015.2477487
  14. Liu, C., Guo, X., Ma, R.: A system-level FPGA-based hardware-in-the-loop test of high-speed train. IEEE Trans. Transp. Electrif. 4(4), 912-921 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2018.2866696
  15. Matar, M., Iravani, R.: Massively parallel implementation of AC machine models for FPGA-based real-time simulation of electromagnetic transients. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 26(2), 830-840 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2086499
  16. Dagbagi, M., Hemdani, A., Idkhajine, L., et al.: ADC-based embedded real-time simulator of a power converter implemented in a low-cost FPGA: application to a fault-tolerant control of a grid-connected voltage-source rectifier. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 63(2), 1179-1190 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2015.2491883
  17. Chen, Y., Dinavahi, V.: FPGA-based real-time EMTP. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 24(2), 892-902 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2008.923392
  18. Shen, Y., Dinavahi, V.: Real-time device-level transient electro-thermal model for modular multilevel converter on FPGA. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 31(9), 6155-6168 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2015.2503281
  19. Bokal, M., Papic, I., Blazic, B.: Stabilization of hardware-in-the-loop ideal transformer model interfacing algorithm by using spectrum assignment. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 34(5), 1865-1873 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2019.2910007
  20. Bagheri-Vandaei, A., Filizadeh, S.: Generalised extended- frequency dynamic phasor model of LCC-HVDC systems for electromagnetic transient simulations. IET Gener. 12(12), 3061-3069 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.1875
  21. Mu, Q., Liang, J., Zhou, X.: A node splitting interface algorithm for multi-rate parallel simulation of DC grids. CSEE J. Power Energy Syst. 4(3), 388-397 (2018) https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2017.01170
  22. Renan, F.B., Guilherme, H.F., Cassius, R.A.: Model, design and implementation of a low-cost HIL for power converter and micro-grid emulation using DSP. IET Power Electron. 12(14), 3833-3841 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2019.0302
  23. Mazumdar, S., Basu, K.: Hardware emulation of energization of a long transmission line by high-frequency power electronic converter. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 35(9), 9267-9280 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2020.2973543
  24. Pengkun, S., Qiongxuan, Ge., Xiaoxin, W.: Traction control strategy of high-speed maglev train based on hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation platform. J. Electron. Technol. 35(16), 3426-3435 (2020)