Nutrition Research and Practice

  • 제17권3호
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  • Pages.541-552
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  • 2023
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  • 1976-1457(pISSN)
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  • 2005-6168(eISSN)
한국영양학회 (The Korean Nutrition Society)
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Analysis of the factors that influence preschool children eating behavior by applying the health belief model: Seoul and Gyeonggi Province

  • Sung-Mi Cha (Department of Foodservice Industry, Hanyang Women's University) ;
  • Soo-Youn Kim (Health Promotion Center, Korea Educational Environments Protection Agency)
  • 투고 : 2022.07.04
  • 심사 : 2022.12.07
  • 발행 : 2023.06.01
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초록

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study explores the parental characteristics that affect the eating behaviors of preschool children. The nutrition quotient for preschool children (NQ-P) tool was applied to measure the eating behaviors of preschool children, and the relationship between parents' health beliefs and children's eating behaviors was investigated by applying the health belief model. MATERIALS/METHODS: In August 2018, a self-administered online survey was conducted on a sample of parents of children aged 3 to 5 years living in the Seoul and Gyeonggi area. A total of 248 respondents were analyzed via descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's multiple comparison test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The eating behaviors of preschool children significantly differed based on parents' education level and monthly income (P < 0.01). Among the factors of the health belief model, "perceived benefit" had the highest score at 4.37 points. The multiple regression analysis confirmed that parents' "self-efficacy" raised the NQ-P scores (β = 0.175, P < 0.05), balance scores (β = 0.204, P < 0.01), and environment scores of preschool children (β = 0.149, P < 0.05). The study results showed that if parents are educated on healthy eating habits and their level of self-efficacy for healthy eating practices increases, the formation of correct eating behaviors for preschool children is more likely. CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary data to develop an education program for parents to understand proper eating behaviors for their children and may help form healthy eating habits and encourage the healthy growth of preschool children.

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과제정보

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and the Center for Women In Science, Engineering and Technology (WISET) Grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) under the Program for Returners into R&D (WISET 2017-682).

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