Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine (대한예방의학회)
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A Peer-support Mini-counseling Model to Improve Treatment in HIV-positive Pregnant Women in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

  • Received : 2022.12.12
  • Accepted : 2023.03.21
  • Published : 2023.05.31
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Abstract

Objectives: Low adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of virus transmission from mother to newborn. Increasing mothers' knowledge and motivation to access treatment has been identified as a critical factor in prevention. Therefore, this research aimed to explore barriers and enablers in accessing HIV care and treatment services. Methods: This research was the first phase of a mixed-method analysis conducted in Kupang, a remote city in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Samples were taken by purposive sampling of 17 people interviewed, consisting of 6 mothers with HIV, 5 peer facilitators, and 6 health workers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and document review. Inductive thematic analysis was also performed. The existing data were grouped into several themes, then relationships and linkages were drawn from each group of informants. Results: Barriers to accessing care and treatment were lack of knowledge about the benefits of ARV; stigma from within and the surrounding environment; difficulty in accessing services due to distance, time, and cost; completeness of administration; drugs' side effects; and the quality of health workers and HIV services. Conclusions: There was a need for a structured and integrated model of peer support to improve ARV uptake and treatment in pregnant women with HIV. This research identified needs including mini-counseling sessions designed to address psychosocial barriers as an integrated approach to support antenatal care that can effectively assist HIV-positive pregnant women in improving treatment adherence.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research is part of a mixed-method analysis to develop a model of community support to improve the uptake of antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women with HIV and part of a doctoral dissertation program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar. The authors are grateful to the respondents, UNICEF Kupang, the Indonesian Midwives Association (IBI) Kupang, Kupang City Health Office and the Flobamora Foundation, the Indonesian Positive Women Association (IPPI) Kupang who supported this research, and UNICEF, which provided research funding. Facts and opinions presented in this article are solely the personal statements of the authors and do not represent the affiliated organization.

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