Korean Journal of Ichthyology (한국어류학회지)

The Ichthyological Society of Korea (한국어류학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Change of Ichthyofauna and Fish Communities after Complete Removal of Large Mouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides (Perciformes; Centrachidae) in Farm Reservoir, Korea

농업용저수지에서 생태계교란 생물 배스 Micropterus salmoides 완전제거 후 어류상의 변화 및 군집 분석

  • Jae Goo Kim (Alpha Research Ecology Institute) ;
  • Yun Jeong Cho (National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Cheol Woo Park (Alpha Research Ecology Institute) ;
  • Jong Wook Kim (Alpha Research Ecology Institute) ;
  • Su Hwan Kim (National Institute of Ecology)
  • 김재구 (알파생태연구원) ;
  • 조윤정 (국립생태원 생태안전연구실) ;
  • 박철우 (알파생태연구원) ;
  • 김종욱 (알파생태연구원) ;
  • 김수환 (국립생태원 생태안전연구실)
  • Received : 2023.08.14
  • Accepted : 2023.10.24
  • Published : 2023.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Since its introduction in 1973, the bass, Micropterus salmoides, has spread to dams and rivers in Korea, adversely affecting native fish communities. In this study, after complete removal of bass from Bukchosan Reservoir, an farm reservoir that has lost its function, an attempt was made to indirectly confirm the adverse effects of bass on fish by comparing fish communities in reservoirs of a similar size where bass inhabit. The study was conducted three times a year from 2019 to 2022. As a result of the study, in Bukchosan Reservoir, where the species composition of fish was judged to be simplified due to the habitat of bass, only four species such as Carassius auratus and Rhinogobius brunneus that could be used as a food source for bass appeared before the removal of bass, but after the removal of bass. The appearance and increase of the population of the introduced small freshwater fish (Oryzias sinensis, Rhinogobius giurinus) were confirmed. When comparing Gangjeong Reservoir, Susim Reservoir, which are other reservoirs inhabited by bass investigated in this study, and Bukchosan Reservoir, this result is judged to show a trend of stabilization and recovery of fish species after removal of bass in small reservoirs with high predation pressure of bass.

배스 Micropterus salmoides는 1973년에 도입된 이래로 국내의 댐, 하천 등에 퍼져, 토착 어류군집에 악영향을 미쳐왔다. 본 연구에서는 농업용수공급의 기능을 상실한 유휴저수지인 북초산제에서 배스를 완전제거한 후, 배스가 서식하는 비슷한 규모의 저수지 어류군집을 비교하여 배스가 어류군집에 미치는 악영향을 간접적으로 확인하고자 하였다. 연구는 2019년에서 2022년까지 연 3회에 걸쳐 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 배스의 서식으로 어류의 종조성이 단순해진 것으로 판단되는 북초산제에서 배스의 제거 이전 배스의 먹이원으로 이용될 수 있는 붕어와 밀어 등 4종만이 출현하였으나, 배스의 제거 이후 상류 및 농수로에서 유입된 소형담수어(대륙송사리, 갈문망둑)의 출현과 개체수의 증가가 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 조사한 배스가 서식하는 다른 저수지인 강정제, 수심제와 북초산제를 비교하였을때, 배스의 포식압이 높은 소형저수지에서 배스의 제거 이후 어류상은 안정화 및 회복세로 변화하는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 조사는 국립생태원의 외래생물 안전관리 연구사업 중 생태계교란 생물 모니터링 NIE-법정연구-2023-09의 사업에 의해 수행되었습니다.

References

  1. Almeida, D., A. Almodovar, G.G. Nicola, B. Elvira and G.D. Grossman. 2012. Trophic plasticity of invasive juvenile largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides in Iberian streams. Fish. Res., 113(1): 153-158.
  2. Azuma, M. and Y. Motomura. 1998. Feeding habits of largemouth bass in a non-native environment: the case of a small lake with bluegill in Japan. Environ. Biol. Fishes, 52: 379-389.
  3. Bertolo, A. and P. Magnan. 2006. Spatial and environmental correlates of fish community structure in Canadian Shield lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 63: 2780-2792.
  4. Cambray, J.A. 2003. Impact on indigenous species biodiversity caused by the globalisation of alien recreational freshwater fisheries. Hydrobiologia, 500: 217-230.
  5. Chrisman, P.C., C.E. Cichra and D.M. Rankin. 2023. Sportfish population characteristics following mechanical largemouth bass removal in two small public fishing impoundments in South Carolina. JSAFWA, 10: 58-67.
  6. Clarke, K.R. and R.M. Warwick. 1994. Changes in marine communities: an approach to statistical analyses and interpretation. Natural Environment Research Council, Plymouth.
  7. Gabelhouse Jr, D.W. 1987. Response of Largemouth bass and bluegills to removal of surplus largemouth bass from a Kansas pond. N. Am. J. Fish. Manag., 7(1): 81-90.
  8. Geumgang Water System Management Committee (GWSMC). 2015. Monitoring on aquatic ecosystem to capture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (1th report). Geumgang Water System Management Committee, Daejeon, Korea, 100pp.
  9. Geumgang Water System Management Committee (GWSMC). 2016. Monitoring on aquatic ecosystem to capture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (2th report). Geumgang Water System Management Committee, Daejeon, Korea, 112pp.
  10. Grice, T. 2009. Principles of containment and control of invasive species. In: Clout, M.N. and P.A. Williams (eds.), Invasive species management: a handbook of principles and techniques. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 61-76.
  11. Hill, J.E. and C.E. Cichra. 2005. Biological synopsis of five selected Florida Centrarchid fishes with an emphasis on the effects of water level fluctuations. Water Supply Management Division St. Johns River Water Management District Palatka, Florida, 136pp.
  12. Jackson, D.A., P.R. Peres-Neto and J.D. Olden. 2001. What controls who is where in freshwater fish communities - the roles of biotic, abiotic, and spatial factors. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 58: 157-170.
  13. Kim, D.I., H.J. Lee, S.H. Son, A.R. Cho, H.R. Song, J.H. Lee and J.Y. Cha. 2020. 200 alert alien species Korea. National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea, 422pp.
  14. Kim, I.S. and J.Y. Park. 2002. Freshwater fishes of Korea. Kyohak publishing, Seoul, 467pp.
  15. Kim, S.H., H.J. Baek and G.B. Yang. 2019. Report on settlement of alien species red swamp crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) in Korea. KJEE, 52: 333-339.
  16. Ko, M.H., J.Y. Park and Y.J. Lee. 2008. Feeding habits of an introduced largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides(Perciformes; Centrachidae), and its influence on ichthyofauna in the Lake Okjeong, Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 20: 36-44.
  17. Lee, J.W., J.H. Kim, S.H. Park, K.R. Choi, H.J, Lee, J.D. Yoon and M.H. Jang. 2013. Impact of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) on the population of Korean native fish, crucian carp (Carassius auratus). KJEE, 31: 370-375.
  18. Lee, W.O., H. Yang, S.W. Yoon and J.Y. Park. 2009. Study on the feeding habits of Micropterus salmoides in Lake Okjeong and Lake Yongdam, Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 21: 200-207.
  19. Lorenzoni, M., M. Corboli, A.J.M. Dorr, G. Giovinazzo, S. Selvi and M. Mearelli. 2002. Diets of Micropterus salmoides Lac. and Esox lucius L. in Lake Trasimeno (Umbria, Italy) and their diet overlap. Bull. Fr. Peche Piscic. 365-366: 537-547.
  20. Margalef, R. 1958. Information theory in ecology. Gen. Syst. 3: 36-71.
  21. Ministry of Environment (ME). 2006. Construction of monitoring system and management plan for ecologically harmful species. Ministry of Environment, Seoul.
  22. Ministry of Environment (ME). 2022. Ecosystem-disturbing species publicly motified by Minister of Environment. Sejong, Korea.
  23. National Fisheries Research&Development Institute (NFRDI). 2010. A study on the distribution, utilization and management of foreign fish species. National Fisheries Research &Development Institute, Gapyeong, Korea, 130pp.
  24. National Institute of Ecology (NIE). 2023. Information of Korean alien species. https://kias.nie.re.kr (Access data: June 10 2023). Seocheon, Korea.
  25. Oksanen, J., G.L. Simpson, F.G. Blanchet, R. Kindt, P. Legendre, P.R. Minchin, R.B. O'Hara, P. Solymos, M.H.H. Stevens, E. Szoecs, H. Wagner, M. Barbour, M. Bedward, B. Bolker, D. Borcard, G. Carvalho, M. Chirico, M.D. Caceres, S. Durand, H.B.A. Evangelista, R. FitzJohn, M. Friendly, B. Furneaux, G. Hannigan, M.O. Hill, L. Lahti, D. McGlinn, M.H. Ouellette, E.R. Cunha, T. Smith, A. Stier, C.J.F. Ter Braak and J. Weedon. 2022. vegan: Community Ecology Package (R package version 2.6-4).
  26. Park, J.S., S.H. Kim, H.T. Kim, J.G. Kim, J.Y. Park and H.S. Kim. 2019. Study on feeding habits of Micropterus salmoides in habitat types from Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 31: 39-53.
  27. Park, S.C., K.Y. Lee, K.S. Choi, M.S. Han and M.H. Ko. 2021. Inhabitat status and gastric contents of invasive fish species and the effect on fish fauna at three reservoirs in National Parks of Korea. Korean J. Ichthyol., 33: 84-94.
  28. Parkes, J.P. and J.D. Panetta. 2009. Eradication of invasive species: progress and emerging issues in the 21st century. In: Clout, M.N. and P.A. Williams(eds.), Invasive species management: a handbook of principles and techniques. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 45-60.
  29. Pielou, E.C. 1969. An introduction to mathematical ecology. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 286pp.
  30. Pielou, E.C. 1975. Ecological diversity. Wiley, New York, 165pp.
  31. Strayer, D.L. 2010. Alien species in fresh waters: ecological effects, interactions with other stressors, and prospects for the future. Freshw. Biol., 55: 152-174.
  32. Tsunoda, H. and Y. Mitsuo. 2012. Multiple effects of exotic largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and environmental factors on species richness and composition of pond-dwelling fishes. Aquat. Living Resour., 25: 163-171.
  33. Wheeler, A.P. and M.S. Allen. 2003. Habitat and diet partitioning between shoal bass and largemouth bass in the Chipola River, Florida. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 132: 438449.
  34. Williamson, M. 1996. Biological invasions. Chapman and Hall, London, UK, 244pp.