Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Photosynthesis by Leaf Age and Fruit Characteristics by Fruiting Nodes in Vertical and Hydroponic Cultivation of Oriental Melon Applied with Air Duct for High-temperature Season

고온기 송풍 덕트 적용 수직·수경재배 참외의 엽령별 광합성과 착과 절위별 과실 특성

  • Youngsin Hong (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Sohyun Park (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Sungwook Yun (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Jinkyung Kwon (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Siyoung Lee (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Sanggyu Lee (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Jongpil Moon (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Jaekyung Jang (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Hyojun Bae (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA) ;
  • Jeongsu Hwang (Division of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA)
  • 홍영신 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 박소현 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 윤성욱 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 권진경 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 이시영 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 이상규 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 문종필 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 장재경 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 배효준 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부) ;
  • 황정수 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부)
  • Received : 2023.01.13
  • Accepted : 2023.03.05
  • Published : 2023.04.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to apply with an air duct for the cooling and a utilizing cultivating method that uses the fruiting node and the defoliation to the high-temperature vertical and hydroponic cultivation of the oriental melon. The lower fruiting node (LF) was to remove all third vines generated from 5 nodes of a secondary vine. The higher fruiting node (HF) was fruiting on the third vine generated from a first node of the third vine. The direction of the stem string; upward (UW), downward (DW). Four treatment conditions were applied with the LF-UW, LF-DW, HF-UW (control), and HF-DW. The leaf age of melon leaves was measured for photosynthesis at 3 days intervals, and the fruit characteristic was conducted on 79 fruits in each treatment. The photosynthesis rate steadily increased after leaf development, reaching 20.8 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 10 days, gradually increasing to 21.3 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 19 days, and reaching 23.4 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 32 days. After that, it lowered to 16.8 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 38 days and dropped significantly to 7.6 μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 on the 47 days. As a result of the fruit characteristics by fruiting nodes, the treatments of the fruit length was 12.6-13.4 cm, respectively, which was significant, and the fruit width was 7.9- 8.6 cm, respectively, was not significant. The soluble content ranged from 12.9 to 15.7°Brix, and the significance of all treatments, and higher than of LF-DW and HF-UW. The photosynthesis rate of melon leaves was good until 32 days after leaf development, but after that, the rate decreased. As for fruit quality, it was conformed that melons can be cultivated at the LF because the fruit enlargement and soluble content dose not decrease even when set at the LF. Results indicated that those can be used for LF and defoliation in the development of vertical and hydroponic cultivation method in high-temperature season.

본 연구는 송풍 덕트을 이용하여 고온기 냉방과 수직·수경재배 시 잎의 엽령별 광합성능력과 착과 절위별 과실 특성을 분석하여 새로운 재배법 개발에 활용하고자 하였다. 참외 잎의 엽령은 3일 간격으로 광합성능력을 측정하였고, 착과 절위는 아들덩굴 5마디 이하에서 발생되는 손자덩굴을 모두 제거하는 처리(대조구), 아들덩굴 1마디에서 발생되는 손자덩굴에 착과 처리(저절위)를 하였다. 수직재배 시 줄기 유인을 아래에서 위로 유인하는 처리(상향), 위에서 아래로 유인하는 처리(하향)로 하였다. 광합성속도는 잎 전개 후부터 꾸준하게 증가하여 10일에 20.8μmol CO2·m-2·s-1이었고, 19일에 21.3μmol CO2·m-2·s-1로 조금씩 높아지더니, 32일에 23.4μmol CO2·m-2·s-1로 높았다. 그 이후 38일에는 16.8μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 낮아지고, 47일에는 7.6μmol CO2·m-2·s-1로 크게 낮아졌다. 착과 절위별 과실 특성은 저절위(상향), 저절위(하향), 대조구(상향), 대조구(하향)의 과장은 12.6-13.4cm로 유의성이 있었으며, 과폭은 7.9-8.6cm으로 유의성이 없었다. 과중은 저절위(상향)과 대조구(하향)에 비교하여 저절위(하향) 535.8g과 대조구(상향) 503.8g으로 유의성이 높았다. 당도는 12.9-15.7°Brix로 저절위(상향)과 대조구(하향)의 유의성이 저절위(상향)과 대조구(하향) 보다 높았다. 참외 고온기 수직·수경재배 시 참외 잎의 광합성능력은 잎 전개 후 32일까지는 좋지만, 그 이후에는 속도가 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 과실품질은 저절위 착과 시에도 과실비대와 당도가 떨어지지 않기 때문에 저절위에 착과하여 참외을 재배할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본연구결과는 참외의 고온기 수직·수경재배법 개발에 저절위 착과와 적엽에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 연구사업(과제번호: PJ016761022023)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 것임.

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