DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

IoT Enabled Intelligent System for Radiation Monitoring and Warning Approach using Machine Learning

  • Muhammad Saifullah (Department of Computer Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur) ;
  • Imran Sarwar Bajwa (Department of Computer Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur) ;
  • Muhammad Ibrahim (Department of Computer Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur) ;
  • Mutyyba Asgher (Department of Computer Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
  • Received : 2023.05.05
  • Published : 2023.05.30

Abstract

Internet of things has revolutionaries every field of life due to the use of artificial intelligence within Machine Learning. It is successfully being used for the study of Radiation monitoring, prediction of Ultraviolet and Electromagnetic rays. However, there is no particular system available that can monitor and detect waves. Therefore, the present study designed in which IOT enables intelligence system based on machine learning was developed for the prediction of the radiation and their effects of human beings. Moreover, a sensor based system was installed in order to detect harmful radiation present in the environment and this system has the ability to alert the humans within the range of danger zone with a buzz, so that humans can move to a safer place. Along with this automatic sensor system; a self-created dataset was also created in which sensor values were recorded. Furthermore, in order to study the outcomes of the effect of these rays researchers used Support Vector Machine, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Decision Trees, Extra Trees, Bagging Classifier, Random Forests, Logistic Regression and Adaptive Boosting Classifier were used. To sum up the whole discussion it is stated the results give high accuracy and prove that the proposed system is reliable and accurate for the detection and monitoring of waves. Furthermore, for the prediction of outcome, Adaptive Boosting Classifier has shown the best accuracy of 81.77% as compared with other classifiers.

Keywords

References

  1. C. Granell, A. Kamilaris, A. Kotsev, F. O. Ostermann, and S. Trilles, "Internet of things," in Manual of digital earth: Springer, Singapore, 2020, pp. 387-423. 
  2. A. A. Laghari, K. Wu, R. A. Laghari, M. Ali, and A. A. Khan, "A review and state of art of Internet of Things (IoT)," Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering, pp. 1-19, 2021. 
  3. W. H. Organization. "Electromagnetic fields and public health: mobile phones." https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/electromagnetic-fields-and-publichealth-mobile-phones (accessed 8 October 2014. 
  4. L. Hardell, "World Health Organization, radiofrequency radiation and health-a hard nut to crack," International Journal of Oncology, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 405-413, 2017.  https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2017.4046
  5. P. Kovacic and R. Somanathan, "Electromagnetic fields: mechanism, cell signaling, other bioprocesses, toxicity, radicals, antioxidants and beneficial effects," Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 214-226, 2010.  https://doi.org/10.3109/10799893.2010.488650
  6. A. H. Sallomi, "A theoretical approach for SAR calculation in human head exposed to RF signals," Journal of engineering and development, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 304-13, 2012. 
  7. M. Redmayne, "International policy and advisory response regarding children's exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF)," Electromagnetic biology and medicine, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 176-185, 2016.  https://doi.org/10.3109/15368378.2015.1038832
  8. M. O. Visscher, R. Adam, S. Brink, and M. Odio, "Newborn infant skin: physiology, development, and care," Clinics in dermatology, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 271-280, 2015.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.12.003
  9. M. Berwick, A. Lachiewicz, C. Pestak, and N. Thomas, "Solar UV exposure and mortality from skin tumors," Sunlight, vitamin D and skin cancer, pp. 117-124, 2008. 
  10. K. Kamiya et al., "Long-term effects of radiation exposure on health," The lancet, vol. 386, no. 9992, pp. 469-478, 2015.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61167-9
  11. M. S. Wong, T. Wang, H. C. Ho, C. Y. Kwok, K. Lu, and S. Abbas, "Towards a smart city: Development and application of an improved integrated environmental monitoring system," Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 623, 2018. 
  12. M. S. Munir, I. S. Bajwa, and S. M. Cheema, "An intelligent and secure smart watering system using fuzzy logic and blockchain," Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 77, pp. 109-119, 2019.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2019.05.006
  13. A. Hussain, R. Wenbi, A. L. da Silva, M. Nadher, and M. Mudhish, "Health and emergency-care platform for the elderly and disabled people in the Smart City," Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 110, pp. 253-263, 2015.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2015.08.041
  14. R. S. Istepanian, S. Hu, N. Y. Philip, and A. Sungoor, "The potential of Internet of m-health Things "m-IoT" for non-invasive glucose level sensing," in 2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2011: IEEE, pp. 5264-5266. 
  15. H. U. Rehman, M. Asif, and M. Ahmad, "Future applications and research challenges of IOT," in 2017 International conference on information and communication technologies (ICICT), 2017: IEEE, pp. 68-74. 
  16. M. S. Wong, T. P. Yip, and E. Mok, "Development of a personal integrated environmental monitoring system," Sensors, vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 22065-22081, 2014.  https://doi.org/10.3390/s141122065
  17. B. Sarwar, I. S. Bajwa, S. Ramzan, B. Ramzan, and M. Kausar, "Design and application of fuzzy logic based fire monitoring and warning systems for smart buildings," Symmetry, vol. 10, no. 11, p. 615, 2018. 
  18. A. Holovatyy, V. Teslyuk, N. Kryvinska, and A. Kazarian, "Development of microcontroller-based system for background radiation monitoring," Sensors, vol. 20, no. 24, p. 7322, 2020. 
  19. R. S. Alonso, I. Sitton-Candanedo, O. Garcia, J. Prieto, and S. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, "An intelligent Edge-IoT platform for monitoring livestock and crops in a dairy farming scenario," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 98, p. 102047, 2020. 
  20. K. Ranasinghe et al., "Advances in Integrated System Health Management for mission-essential and safety-critical aerospace applications," Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 128, p. 100758, 2022.