Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
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Hibiscus syriacus Leaves Upregulate p62/SQSTM1 through TLR4/p38, JNK, and NF-κB/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in RAW264.7 Cells

  • Seung Woo Im (Department of Forest Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Gwang Hun Park (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Min Yeong Choi (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Hae-Yun Kwon (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Jin Boo Jeong (Department of Forest Sciences, Andong National University)
  • Received : 2023.01.30
  • Accepted : 2023.05.02
  • Published : 2023.06.01
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Abstract

Autophagy contributes to enhancing the immune system (innate and adaptive immune system) against foreign pathogens. Autophagy of macrophages is used as a major indicator for developing vaccine adjuvants to increase the adaptive immune response. In this study, HSL increased p62/SQSTM1 expression. Inhibition of TLR4, p38, JNK, and NF-κB blocked HSL-mediated increase of p62/SQSTM1. HSL activated p38, JNK, and NF-κB signaling, but HSL-mediated activation of p38, JNK, and NF-κB signaling was reversed by TLR4 inhibition. In addition, HSL increased Nrf2 expression, but HSL-mediated Nrf2 expression did not occur in the inhibition of TLR4, p38, JNK, and NF-κB. Taken together, it is believed that HSL-mediated autophagy may be dependent on activating Nrf2 expression via TLR4-dependent activation of p38, JNK, and NF-κB in macrophages.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Forest Science in 2022 (project number: FG0403-2018-01-2022) and by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2018R1A6A1A03024862).

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