DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Current fishery status in Ethiopian reservoirs: challenges and management

  • Received : 2022.11.28
  • Accepted : 2023.02.06
  • Published : 2023.05.31

Abstract

Ethiopia is branded as the Water Tower of Africa because of its abundant inland water bodies that may be used sustainably to boost the economy. This review article's goal is to examine the current status and future potential of Ethiopia's fisheries, with a special focus on reservoirs. There are 200 known fish species (194 native, 40 endemic, and 11 exotic) in in Ethiopia's inland water. Ethiopia's fish production has increased by a factor of more than five in the past three decades (3,500 tons in 1983 to 15,681 tons in 2000 and 18,058 tons in 2010). However, fish produced in reservoirs is too low (8,059 t/year). The current fish harvests from reservoirs are significantly below the predicted potential yield, accounting for only 35% of the calculated fish production capacity. In this review, 14 potential reserves were revealed. A total of 48 fish species have been reported in these, of which 26 species (or around 54%) are present in Alwero reservoir. 19 of the 48 species that have been officially recognized belong to the Cyprinidae family and made up nearly 40% of the fish population in Ethiopian reservoirs. There has been, however, a decline in the productivity of Ethiopia's reservoir fish. Hence, actively start fishing in the numerous reservoirs that have been neglected yet, link the potential of fisheries and the benefits of the fish farming supply chain, let's begin building several other reservoirs similar to the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and beginning mechanized-based fish harvesting.

Keywords

References

  1. Akintola SL, Fakoya KA, Elegbede IO, Odunsi Odunayo E, Jolaosho Lekan T. Postharvest practices in small-scale fisheries. In: Galanakis CM, editor. Sustainable fish production and processing. London: Academic Press; 2022. p. 79-110. 
  2. Arjoon D, Mohamed Y, Goor Q, Tilmant A. Hydro-economic risk assessment in the eastern Nile river basin. Water Resour Econ. 2014;8:16-31.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wre.2014.10.004
  3. Asmamaw B, Shitaw T, Berisa L. The contribution of fisheries to livelihoods of communities around Alwero reservoir in Abobo district, Gambella, Ethiopia. Turk J Agric Food Sci Technol. 2021;9:1201-7.  https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i6.1201-1207.3940
  4. Asmare E. Current trend of water hyacinth expansion and its consequence on the fisheries around north eastern part of lake Tana, Ethiopia. J Biodivers Endanger Species. 2017;5:189. 
  5. Assefa A, Abunna F, Biset W, Leta S. Assessment of post-harvest fish losses in two selected lakes of Amhara region, northern Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2018;4:E00949. 
  6. Awel M, Shumeta Z, Mitiku F. Analysis of fish market chain: the case of Gilgel Gibe dam I reservoir southwest of Ethiopia. Int J Econ Behav Organ. 2020;8:12-22.  https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijebo.20200801.12
  7. Ayele GT, Kuriqi A, Jemberrie MA, Saia SM, Seka AM, Teshale EZ, et al. Sediment yield and reservoir sedimentation in highly dynamic watersheds: the case of Koga reservoir, Ethiopia. Water. 2021;13:3374. 
  8. Barange M, Perry RI. Physical and ecological impacts of climate change relevant to marine and inland capture fisheries and aquaculture. In: Cochrane K, De Young C, Soto D, Bahri T, editors. Climate change implications for fisheries and aquaculture: overview of current scientific knowledge. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO]; 2009. p. 7. 
  9. Bates BC, Kundzewicz ZW, Wu S, Palutikof JP. Climate change and water. Geneva: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; 2008. 
  10. Bhattacharya A, Haldar S, Chatterjee PK. Geographical distribution and physiology of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipses): the invasive hydrophyte and a biomass for producing xylitol. Int J ChemTech Res. 2015;7:1849-61. 
  11. Brucet S, Pedron S, Mehner T, Lauridsen TL, Argillier C, Winfield IJ, et al. Fish diversity in European lakes: geographical factors dominate over anthropogenic pressures. Freshw Biol. 2013;58:1779-93.  https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12167
  12. Dadebo E, Aemro D, Tekle-Giorgis Y. Food and feeding habits of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces: Clariidae) in lake Koka, Ethiopia. Afr J Ecol. 2014;52:471-8.  https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12146
  13. Damese RH. Fishes of Ethiopia: annotated checklist with pictorial identification guide. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Fisheries and Aquatic Science Association; 2012. 
  14. Damtie YA, Berlie AB, Gessese GM. Impact of water hyacinth on rural livelihoods: the case of lake Tana, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2022;8:E09132. 
  15. Degaga AH. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) biology and its impacts on ecosystem, biodiversity, economy and human well-being. J Life Sci Biomed. 2018;8:94-100. 
  16. Deng GT. Assessment of factors affecting fish production and marketing in Gambella region, Ethiopia. Sci World J. 2020;2020:5260693. 
  17. Dersseh MG, Tilahun SA, Worqlul AW, Moges MA, Abebe WB, Mhiret DA, et al. Spatial and temporal dynamics of water hyacinth and its linkage with lake-level fluctuation: lake Tana, a sub-humid region of the Ethiopian highlands. Water. 2020;12:1435. 
  18. Dorgi O, Gala G. Assessment of factors affecting members' participation in fishery cooperatives (the case of Gambella region, Ethiopia). J Bus Manag Soc Sci Res. 2016;5:347-63. 
  19. Eid AR, Hoballah EMA. Impact of irrigation systems, fertigation rates and using drainage water of fish farms in irrigation of potato under arid regions conditions. Int J Sci Res Agric Sci. 2014;1:67-79.  https://doi.org/10.12983/ijsras-2014-p0067-0079
  20. Ethiopian Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Association (EFASA). Impacts of climate change and population on tropical aquatic resources. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conference; 2011. p. 309. 
  21. Fetahi T. Eutrophication of Ethiopian water bodies: a serious threat to water quality, biodiversity and public health. Afr J Aquat Sci. 2019;44:303-12.  https://doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2019.1663722
  22. Firehun Y, Struik PC, Lantinga EA, Taye T. Water hyacinth in the Rift valley water bodies of Ethiopia: its distribution, socio-economic importance and management. Int J Curr Agric Res. 2014;3:67-75.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.06.015
  23. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO]. Information on fisheries management in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2023 Feb 4]. http://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/ETH/body.htm 
  24. Free CM, Mangin T, Molinos JG, Ojea E, Burden M, Costello C, et al. Realistic fisheries management reforms could mitigate the impacts of climate change in most countries. PLOS ONE. 2020;15:e0224347. 
  25. Gebremedhin S, Getahun A, Anteneh W, Bruneel S, Goethals P. A drivers-pressure-state-impact-responses framework to support the sustainability of fish and fisheries in lake Tana, Ethiopia. Sustainability. 2018;10:2957. 
  26. Gebreselassie T, Asebe G, Telahun K. Major fish composition of Alwero dam and Baro/Kir river of Gambella, South West Ethiopia. Asian J Adv Res. 2021;13-22. 
  27. Gebru S, Getahun A, Teferi M. Diversity and abundance of fishes in Tekeze reservoir, Tekeze basin, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Biol Sci. 2019;18:55-75. 
  28. Gelagay HS. RUSLE and SDR model based sediment yield assessment in a GIS and remote sensing environment; a case study of Koga watershed, upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. Hydrol Curr Res. 2016;7:239. 
  29. Getahun A. Systematic studies of the African species of the genus Garra (Pisces: Cyprinidae) [Ph.D. dissertation]. New York, NY: City University of New York; 2000. 
  30. Getahun A. An overview of the diversity and conservation status of the Ethiopian freshwater fish fauna. J Afrotrop Zool. 2007:87-96. 
  31. Getahun A. The freshwater fishes of Ethiopia: diversity and utilization. Addis Ababa: View Graphics & Printing; 2017. 
  32. Getahun A, Stiassny MLJ. The freshwater biodiversity crisis: the case of the Ethiopian fish fauna. SINET Ethiop J Sci. 1998;21:207-30.  https://doi.org/10.4314/sinet.v21i2.18121
  33. Getnet H, Kifle D, Fetahi T. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) affects the composition and abundance of zooplankton in the littoral region of Koka reservoir, Ethiopia. Afr J Aquat Sci. 2020;45:486-92.  https://doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2020.1744509
  34. Getu A, Misganaw K, Bazezew M. Post-harvesting and major related problems of fish production. Fish Aquac J. 2015;6. 
  35. Golubtsov AS, Darkov AA. A review of fish diversity in the main drainage systems of Ethiopia based on the data obtained by 2008. In: Proceedings of Jubilee Meeting "Joint Ethio-Russian Biological Expedition: 20 years of Scientific Cooperation"; 2008; Moscow, Russia. 
  36. Golubtsov AS, Habteselassie R. Fish faunas of the Chamo-Abaya and Chew Bahir basins in southern portion of the Ethiopian Rift valley: origin and prospects for survival. Aquat Ecosyst Health Manag. 2010;13:47-55.  https://doi.org/10.1080/14634980903578506
  37. Golubtsov AS, Mina MV. Fish species diversity in the main drainage systems of Ethiopia: current state of knowledge and research perspectives. Ethiop J Nat Resour. 2003;5:281-318. 
  38. Gomez-Zavaglia A, Mejuto JC, Simal-Gandara J. Mitigation of emerging implications of climate change on food production systems. Food Res Int. 2020;134:109256. 
  39. Goshu G, Dereje T, Chalachew A. Survey of a new constructed reservoir, Tekeze hydropower dam, Ethiopia. In: Proceedings of the First Ethiopian Fisheries and Aquatic Science Association Conference; 2009; Ziway, Ethiopia.
  40. Gregory R, Funge-Smith S, Baumgartner LJ. An ecosystem approach to promote the integration and coexistence of fisheries within irrigation systems. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO]; 2018. 
  41. Haregeweyn N, Melesse B, Tsunekawa A, Tsubo M, Meshesha D, Balana BB. Reservoir sedimentation and its mitigating strategies: a case study of Angereb reservoir (NW Ethiopia). J Soils Sediments. 2012;12:291-305.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-011-0447-z
  42. Hirpo LA. Fisheries production system scenario in Ethiopia. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2017;5:79-84. 
  43. Kateregga E, Sterner T. Lake Victoria fish stocks and the effects of water hyacinth. J Environ Dev. 2009;18:62-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496508329467
  44. Lake Fisheries Development Project [LFDP]. Lake management plans. Addis Ababa: Ministry of Agriculture; 1996. Report No.: 23. 
  45. Lam VWY, Allison EH, Bell JD, Blythe J, Cheung WWL, Frolicher TL, et al. Climate change, tropical fisheries and prospects for sustainable development. Nat Rev Earth Environ. 2020;1:440-54.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-020-0071-9
  46. Lemma B, Getahun A. Third international conference on: impacts of climate change and population on tropical aquatic resources. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Association; 2011. 
  47. Lieke T, Meinelt T, Hoseinifar SH, Pan B, Straus DL, Steinberg CEW. Sustainable aquaculture requires environmental-friendly treatment strategies for fish diseases. Rev Aquac. 2020;12:943-65.  https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12365
  48. Mengist AB, Fakana ST. Stock assessment and estimation of current yield for tilapia stock (Oreochromis niloticus) Alwero reservoir, Gambella, Ethiopia. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2020;8:205-10. 
  49. Mequanent D, Mingist M. Potential impact and mitigation measures of pump irrigation projects on lake Tana and its environs, Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2019;5:E03052. 
  50. Mequanent D, Mingist M, Getahun A, Anteneh W, Hailu B. The newly built Ribb reservoir fisheries, Tana sub-basin, Ethiopia: new fishery establishment, diversity, production, challenges and management. Aquac Fish Fish. 2022;2:189-201.  https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.46
  51. Michael Abebe H. Sedimentation in the Koka reservoir, Ethiopia. In: Honningsvag B, Midttomme GH, Repp K, Vaskinn K, Westeren T, editors. Hydropower in the new millennium. London: CRC Press; 2020. p. 345-50. 
  52. Nachtergaele F, Bruinsma J, Valbo-Jorgensen J, Bartley D. Anticipated trends in the use of global land and water resources. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [FAO]; 2011. Report No.: TR01. 
  53. Ngatia L, Taylor R. Phosphorus eutrophication and mitigation strategies. In: Zhang T, editor. Phosphorus: recovery and recycling. London: IntechOpen; 2018. p. 45-61. 
  54. Ongore CO, Aura CM, Ogari Z, Njiru JM, Nyamweya CS. Spatial-temporal dynamics of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) and other macrophytes and their impact on fisheries in lake Victoria, Kenya. J Great Lakes Res. 2018;44:1273-80.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2018.10.001
  55. Recha CW, Makokha GL, Shisanya CA. Climate variability and causes: from the perspective of the Tharaka people of eastern Kenya. Geosci Lett. 2017;4:22. 
  56. Schmutz S, Moog O. Dams: ecological impacts and management. In: Schmutz S, Sendzimir J, editors. Riverine ecosystem management: science for governing towards a sustainable future. Cham: Springer; 2018. p. 111-27. 
  57. Shewit G, Getahun A, Anteneh W, Gedif B, Gashu B, Tefera B, et al. Effect of large weirs on abundance and diversity of migratory Labeobarbus species in tributaries of lake Tana, Ethiopia. Afr J Aquat Sci. 2017;42:367-73.  https://doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2017.1411774
  58. Suuronen P, Bartley DM. Challenges in managing inland fisheries-using the ecosystem approach. Boreal Environ Res. 2014;19:245-55. 
  59. Teame T, Natarajan P, Tesfay Z. Assessment of fishery activities for enhanced management and improved fish production in Tekeze reservoir, Ethiopia. Int J Fauna Biol Stud. 2016;3:105-13. 
  60. Tedla S, Meskel FH. Introduction and transplantation of freshwater fish species in Ethiopia. SINET Ethiop J Sci. 1981;4:69-72. 
  61. Teklu D. Determinant factors for wasted fish during harvesting at Amerti and Fichawa reservoirs Oromia/Ethiopia. J Fish Sci Com. 2015;9:012-5. 
  62. Tesfay S, Teferi M. Assessment of fish post-harvest losses in Tekeze dam and lake Hashenge fishery associations: Northern Ethiopia. Agric Food Secur. 2017;6:4. 
  63. Tesfaye G, Cheffo A, Abegaz H. Fish species composition, abundance and production potential of Tendaho Reservoir in Afar Regional State, Ethiopia. In: Impact of climate change and population on tropical aquatic resources. Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Ethiopian Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Association (EFASA); Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2011. p. 164-190. 
  64. Tesfaye G, Wolff M. The state of inland fisheries in Ethiopia: a synopsis with updated estimates of potential yield. Ecohydrol Hydrobiol. 2014;14:200-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecohyd.2014.05.001
  65. Teshome G. The effect of El-Nino on reservoir fish production in Ethiopia, in the case of Tendaho reservoir, a review paper. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Aquatic Resources and Aquaculture for Sustainable Development (ICAR-AQUA 2019); 2019; ; Hawassa, Ethiopia.
  66. Tewabe D. Climate change challenges on fisheries and aquaculture. Int J Aquac Fish Sci. 2015;1:006-11.  https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-8400.000002
  67. Tewabe D, Asmare E, Zelalem W, Mohamed B. Identification of impacts, some biology of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and its management options in lake Tana, Ethiopia. Net J Agric Sci. 2017;5:8-15.  https://doi.org/10.30918/NJAS.51.16.039
  68. Tudorancea C, Zinabu GM, Elias D. Limnology in Ethiopia. In: Wetzel RG, Gopal B, editors. Limnology in developing countries. Graham, NC: International Society for Limnology; 1999. p. 63-118. 
  69. Vijverberg J, Dejen E, Getahun A, Nagelkerke LAJ. The composition of fish communities of nine Ethiopian lakes along a North-South gradient: threats and possible solutions. Anim Biol. 2012;62:315-35.  https://doi.org/10.1163/157075611X618246
  70. Wagaw S, Mengistou S, Getahun A. Diet composition and feeding habits of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in lake Shala, Ethiopia. Fish Aquat Sci. 2022;25:20-30.  https://doi.org/10.47853/FAS.2022.e3
  71. Wakjira M, Getahun A. Ichthyofaunal diversity of the Omo-Turkana basin, East Africa, with specific reference to fish diversity within the limits of Ethiopian waters. Check List. 2017;13:2059. 
  72. Wen S, Wang H, Wu T, Yang J, Jiang X, Zhong J. Vertical profiles of phosphorus fractions in the sediment in a chain of reservoirs in North China: implications for pollution source, bioavailability, and eutrophication. Sci Total Environ. 2020;704:135318. 
  73. Wosnie A, Mengistou S, Alvarez M. Aquatic macrophytes in Ethiopian Rift valley lake Koka: biological management option to reduce sediment loading. Aquat Bot. 2020;165:103242. 
  74. Yigermal H, Assefa F. Impact of the invasive water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on socio-economic attributes: a review. J Agric Environ Sci. 2019;4:46-55.