PNF and Movement

Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association (대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회)
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Effects of PNF Contract-Relax Technique, Myofascial Release, and Massage Guns on Hamstring Flexibility and Pressure Pain Threshold in Subjects with Hamstring Shortening

PNF 수축-이완 기법, 근막이완기법, 마사지건이 넙다리뒤근 단축 대상자의 유연성 및 압통에 미치는 영향

  • So-Young Jeong (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Ho-Seong Hwang (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Da-Eun Lee (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Du-Jin Park (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan)
  • 정소영 (부산가톨릭대학교 물리치료학과) ;
  • 황호성 (부산가톨릭대학교 물리치료학과) ;
  • 이다은 (부산가톨릭대학교 물리치료학과) ;
  • 박두진 (부산가톨릭대학교 물리치료학과)
  • Received : 2023.01.18
  • Accepted : 2023.02.13
  • Published : 2023.04.30
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to compare hamstring flexibility and pressure pain threshold (PPT) after an intervention with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation contract-relax (PNF CR) technique, myofascial release (MFR), and a massage gun (MG), as well as to verify the effectiveness of the MG. Methods: This study recruited 36 participants (22 males and 14 females) with shortening of less than 70 degrees upon a straight leg raise (SLR) test, and they were randomly assigned to one of the PNF, MG, and MFR groups, each of which underwent its own protocol for 30 minutes. Flexibility of the hamstring was measured after the intervention using the active and passive knee extension (AKE and PKE) test, the sit and reach test, and PPT. Results: The AKE and PKE angles significantly decreased, as well as significantly increased in flexibility when each of the PNF, MFR, and MG interventions was performed (p<0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference among groups. However, according to the Cohen's D effect size, the MG demonstrated the largest effect size in AKE (d = 1.41) and PNF demonstrated the largest effect size in PKE (d = 1.66) and flexibility (d = 0.63). Conclusion: All interventions used in our study are effective in increasing hamstring flexibility. Based on the Cohen's D effect size, an MG is beneficial to increase the AKE, whereas PNF CR technique is recommended for increasing PKE and flexibility.

Keywords

References

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