PNF and Movement

Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association (대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Thoracic Expansion and Diaphragm Breathing Exercises on Pain and Function in Patients with Rotator Cuff Repair

가슴우리팽창과 가로막 호흡운동이 돌림근띠 복원술 환자의 통증과 기능에 미치는 효과

  • Myung-Soo Song (Dr. Song' Rehabilitation Institute of Science and Academy) ;
  • Beom-Ryong Kim (Department of Physical Therapy, Design Hospital)
  • 송명수 (Dr. Song' 재활과학연구소) ;
  • 김범룡 (대자인병원 통합재활팀)
  • Received : 2023.02.27
  • Accepted : 2023.03.22
  • Published : 2023.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to determine the effect of a breathing exercise on shoulder pain, range of motion (ROM), and forward head posture in patients with rotator cuff repair. Methods: In total, 25 patients with rotator cuff repair were included in this study. The experimental group (n = 13) underwent a breathing exercise, while the control group (n = 12) received traditional physical therapy. The visual analogue scales (VASs) for pain, flexion and abduction ROM, and the craniovertebral angle (CVA) of both groups were recorded at both pre- and post-intervention. Paired t-tests were used to determine significant changes in the post-intervention compared with the pre-intervention period, and independent t-tests were used to analyze differences in dependent variables between the two groups. Results: After the two-week intervention, the experimental group experienced a significantly decreased VAS (p < 0.05) and significantly increased ROM and CVA (p < 0.05), while the control group experienced a significantly decreased VAS (p < 0.05). Further, the experimental group that underwent the breathing exercise showed greater improvements in flexion and abduction ROM and in the CVA than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that a breathing exercise can reduce shoulder pain and enhance ROM and posture in patients with rotator cuff repair.

Keywords

References

  1. Adler SS, Beckers D, Buck, M. PNF in practice: an illustrated guide. Berlin. Springer. 2007.
  2. An S, Kim B. The effect of rehabilitation exercise programs on recoverability of muscle functions following the arthroscopy surgery performed on rotator cuff tear. The Korean Journal of Sport. 2013;11(1):301-309.
  3. Barrett E, O'Keeffe M, O'Sullivan K, et al. Is thoracic spine posture associated with shoulder pain, range of motion and function? a systematic review. Manual Therapy. 2016;26(1):38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2016.07.008
  4. Ben Kibler W. The role of the scapula in athletic shoulder function. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1998;26(2):325-337. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465980260022801
  5. Brodie DJ, Burnett JV, Walker JM, et al. Evaluation of low back pain by patient questionnaires and therapist assessment. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1990;11(11):519-529. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1990.11.11.519
  6. Neer CS. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: a preliminary report. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. 1972;54(1):41-50. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-197254010-00003
  7. Cho H. Change of craniovertebral angle (CVA) and respiration on application correction method of posture and breathing accessory muscle exercise in forward head posture (FHP). Journal of the Korean Society of Integrative Medicine. 2015;3(3):89-94. https://doi.org/10.15268/ksim.2015.3.3.089
  8. Cho YH. Effects of crocodile breathing exercise on pain, muscle tone, and muscle stiffness in patients with non-specific low back pain. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2019;14(2):117-124. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2019.14.2.117
  9. Cools AM, Witvrouw EE, Declercq GA, et al. Scapular muscle recruitment patterns: trapezius muscle latency with and without impingement symptoms. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2003;31(4):542-549. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310041101
  10. Correa EC, Berzin F. Mouth breathing syndrome: cervical muscles recruitment during nasal inspiration before and after respiratory and postural exercises on swiss ball. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2008;72(9):1335-1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.05.012
  11. Galeiras Vazquez R, Rascado Sedes P, Mourelo Farina M, et al. Respiratory management in the patient with spinal cord injury. BioMed Research International. 2013;2013(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/168757
  12. Han JT, Go MJ, Kim YJ. Comparison of forced vital capacity and maximal voluntary ventilation between normal and forward head posture. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2015;10(1):83-89. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2015.10.1.83
  13. Ha NR, Shin HM, Kim MC. Effects of abdominal breathing and thoracic expansion exercises on head position and shoulder posture in patients with rotator cuff injury. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2016;11(4):1-9.
  14. Hayes K, Walton JR, Szomor ZL, et al. Reliability of five methods for assessing shoulder range of motion. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2001;47(4):289-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60274-9
  15. Horton SJ, Johnson GM, Skinner MA. Changes in head and neck posture using an office chair with and without lumbar roll support. Spine. 2010;35(12):542-548. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181cb8f82
  16. Jensen MP, Chen C, Brugger AM. Interpretation of visual analog scale ratings and change scores: a reanalysis of two clinical trials of postoperative pain. The Journal of Pain. 2003;4(7):407-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1526-5900(03)00716-8
  17. Kang ES, Yook JS, Ha MS. Breathing exercises for improving cognitive function in patients with stroke. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022;11(10):2888-2902. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102888
  18. Kang JH, Park TS. Effect of shoulder brace design on round shoulder posture. PNF and Movement. 2022;20(3):391-397. https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2022.20.3.391
  19. Kim HM, Kang TW, Kim BR. The effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation respiratory muscle strengthening exercise on pulmonary function and disability level in chronic low back pain patients. PNF and Movement. 2021;19(1):57-65. https://doi.org/10.21598/JKPNFA.2021.19.1.57
  20. Kuhn JE, Dunn WR, Sanders R, et al. Effectiveness of physical therapy in treating atraumatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears: a multicenter prospective cohort study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2013;22(10):1371-1379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2013.01.026
  21. Lee MH, Chu M. Correlations between craniovertebral angle (CVA) and cardiorespiratory function in young adults. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2014;9(1):107-113. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2014.9.1.107
  22. Lingjaerde O, Foreland AR. Direct assessment of improvement in winter depression with a visual analogue scale: High reliability and validity. Psychiatry Research. 1998;81(3):387-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1781(98)00119-X
  23. Lu Y, Li P, Li N, et al. Effects of home-based breathing exercises in subjects with COPD. Respiratory Care. 2020;65(3):377-387. https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.07121
  24. Markov G, Spengler CM, KnoEpfli-Lenzin C, et al. Respiratory muscle training increases cycling endurance without affecting cardiovascular responses to exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2001;85(3):233-239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210100450
  25. McElvany MD, McGoldrick E, Gee AO, et al. Rotator cuff repair: published evidence on factors associated with repair integrity and clinical outcome. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2015;43(2):491-500. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546514529644
  26. McKee MD, Yoo DJ. The effect of surgery for rotator cuff disease on general health status: results of a prospective trial. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. 2000;82(7):970.
  27. Mohan V, Ahmad NB, Tambi NB. Effect of respiratory exercises on neck pain patients: A pilot study. Polish Annals of Medicine. 2016;23(1):15-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poamed.2016.01.001
  28. Morris CE, Bonnefin D, Darville C. The torsional upper crossed syndrome: a multi-planar update to Janda's model, with a case series introduction of the mid-pectoral fascial lesion as an associated etiological factor. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2015;19(4):681-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.08.008
  29. Neiva PD, Kirkwood RN, Godinho R. Orientation and position of head posture, scapula and thoracic spine in mouth-breathing children. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2009;73(2):227-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.10.006
  30. Obayashi H, Urabe Y, Yamanaka Y, et al. Effects of respiratory-muscle exercise on spinal curvature. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 21(1):63-68.
  31. Page P, Frank CC, Lardner R. Assessment and treatment of muscle imbalance: the Janda approach. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. 2010.
  32. Pahwa P. Evaluation of standardized backpack weight and its effect on shoulder & neck posture. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy. 2013;7(1):176-184.
  33. Park MC, Goo BO, Bae SS. The review of breathing pattern training for the spinal stabilization. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2007;2(2):173-182.
  34. Son HH. The effects of stabilization exercise with abdominal breath on balance and oswestry disability index for low back pain patients. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2015;10(1):107-113. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2015.10.1.107
  35. Song IG, Lee HS. Park SW. Comparison of the maximal muscular activities of the deltoid during shoulder abductions in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2016;11(4):65-70. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2016.11.4.65
  36. Vera-Garcia FJ, Elvira JL, Brown SH, et al. Effects of abdominal stabilization maneuvers on the control of spine motion and stability against sudden trunk perturbations. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2007;17(5):556-567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.07.004
  37. Yamamoto A, Takagishi K, Kobayashi T, et al. The impact of faulty posture on rotator cuff tears with and without symptoms. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2015;24(3):446-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2014.07.012