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Clinicoradiological Features of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis in Immunocompetent Patients

정상 면역 환자에서 폐 크립토코쿠스증의 임상방사선학적 특징

  • Hong Seok Choi (Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital) ;
  • Yun-Hyeon Kim (Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital) ;
  • Won Gi Jeong (Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital) ;
  • Jong Eun Lee (Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital) ;
  • Hye Mi Park (Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital)
  • 최홍석 (전남대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 김윤현 (전남대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 정원기 (화순전남대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 이종은 (전남대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 박혜미 (전남대학교병원 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2022.01.13
  • Accepted : 2022.07.20
  • Published : 2023.01.01

Abstract

Purpose To assess the clinicoradiological features of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included immunocompetent patients who had been diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis on the histopathologic exam and underwent chest CT between January 2008 and November 2019. Imaging features were divided into major imaging patterns, distributions, and ancillary imaging findings. Univariable analysis was performed to evaluate clinicoradiological features according to the presence of serum cryptococcal antigen. Results Thirty-one patients were evaluated (mean age: 60 years, range: 19-78 years). A single nodular lesion confined to a single lobe was the most common imaging pattern (14/31, 45.2%). Serum cryptococcal antigen tests were performed in 19 patients (19/31, 61.3%). The presence of serum cryptococcal antigen was observed in six patients (6/19, 31.6%), all of whom showed a consolidation-dominant pattern. The presence of serum cryptococcal antigen was significantly associated with the consolidationdominant pattern compared to those associated with a nodule-dominant pattern (p = 0.011). Conclusion A combination of CT findings of consolidation and a positive serum cryptococcal antigen test may be helpful for diagnosing pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients.

목적 정상 면역 환자에서 폐 크립토코쿠스증의 컴퓨터단층촬영 영상 소견과 임상 양상에 대하여 분석해 보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법 2008년 1월부터 2019년 11월까지 흉부 컴퓨터단층촬영을 시행하였으며, 조직병리 학적 검사로 진단된 정상 면역 폐 크립토코쿠스 환자를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 영상 소견은 주 영상 형태, 병변의 분포, 보조적 영상 소견으로 구분하였다. 혈청 크립토코쿠스 항원의 유무에 따른 임상 및 방사선학적 특징을 확인하기 위해 단변수 분석을 시행하였다. 결과 총 31명의 환자를 분석하였다(평균 연령: 60세, 범위 19-78세). 단일 폐엽에 국한된 단일 결절성 병변이 가장 흔한 주된 영상 소견이었다(14/31, 45.2%). 19명의 환자에서 혈청 크립토코쿠스 항원 검사를 시행하였다(19/31, 61.3%). 6명의 환자에서 혈청 크립토코쿠스 항원이 검출됐으며(6/19, 31.6%), 이들 모두 폐경결 우세 형태를 보였다. 혈청 크립토코쿠스 항원은 결절 우세 형태보다 폐경결 우세 형태에서 보다 유의미하게 검출되었다(p = 0.011). 결론 폐경결 형태의 CT 영상 소견을 보이고 혈청 크립토코쿠스 항원 검사가 양성을 보이는 조합은 정상 면역 폐 크립토코쿠스 환자의 진단에 도움이 될 수 있다.

Keywords

References

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