Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
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Research on Trend Analysis of Ecosystem Water Quality Regulating Services in National Park - Focusing on Odaesan National Park -

국립공원의 수질조절 생태계서비스 가치평가 연구 - 오대산국립공원을 중심으로 -

  • Gawoo Kim (Interdisciplinary Program of Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University, Korea National Park Reseach Institute, Korea National Park Service)
  • 김가우 (서울대학교 협동과정조경학, 국립공원공단 국립공원연구원)
  • Received : 2022.12.26
  • Accepted : 2023.03.06
  • Published : 2023.04.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to estimate the trend of ecosystem water quality regulating services in Odaesan National park of the last five years and the corresponding economic values. Recently the climate change makes increased the value of the water, it is more important to protect the source of the riverthan to purify the contaminated water. To evaluate the water quality regulating services, we calculated the difference between purification and pollution from national park and estimated the quantitative value of the water quality regulating services. As a results, the amount of the value of the water quality regulating services from 2017 to 2021 was increased from approximately BOD 128.21 kg/Day, T-P 12.11 kg/Day to BOD 161.38 kg/Day, T-P 13.24 kg/Day and the economic value also increased from 2,304 million won to 2,817 million won.

본 연구에서는 우리나라 보호지역인 국립공원이 제공하는 생태계서비스(ES, Ecosystem services) 중 수질조절서비스를 정량적으로 물리량을 측정하고 경제적 가치평가를 하는 방안을 마련하였다. 수질조절서비스 평가 지표는 '수질정화량'으로 국립공원 내 배출된 오염부하량과 출구측정부하량의 차이를 통해 '연간일평균수질조절량'을 구하고 총량초과부과금 처리 단가를 곱하여 경제적 가치평가를 추정하였다. 연구대상지는 생태계건강성지수 내 수질지수가 가장 높은 국립공원인 오대산을 대상으로 2017~2021년까지 최근 5년간 수치를 기준으로 산출하였다. 그 결과 2017년 대비 2021년의 수질정화량은 BOD 128.21kg/Day, T-P 12.11kg/Day에서 BOD 161.38kg/Day, T-P 13.24kg/Day으로 수질조절서비스를 제공한 것으로 추정되었다. 이에 따른 경제적 가치는 5년 전 대비 513백만 원 더 높은 2,817백만 원의 가치를 제공한 것으로 추정되었다. 최근 기후변화에 따른 물의 가치가 높아짐에 따라 오염된 수질 회복이 아닌 본질적인 수원 관리가 더 효과적인 지금 주요 수계의 발원지인 국립공원 수원의 관리가 중요한 시점이다. 본 연구는 위와 같은 시점에서 연구 결과를 활용하여 보호지역 내 수질가치를 유지 및 향상시킬 수 있는 향후 연구 방향성을 추가적으로 제공하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립공원연구원의 국립공원 생태계서비스가치평가사업 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다.

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