Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Predicted functional analysis of rumen microbiota suggested the underlying mechanisms of the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis in Holstein cows

  • Yoshiyuki Tsuchiya (Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University) ;
  • Ena Chiba (Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University) ;
  • Atsushi Kimura (Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University) ;
  • Kenji Kawashima (Chiba Prefectural Livestock Research Center) ;
  • Toshiya Hasunuma (Toyama Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center) ;
  • Shiro Kushibiki (Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization) ;
  • Yo-Han Kim (Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University) ;
  • Shigeru Sato (Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Iwate University)
  • Received : 2022.10.11
  • Accepted : 2023.02.14
  • Published : 2023.03.31
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Abstract

Background: The relationships between the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and predicted bacterial functions during the periparturient period are still not clear in Holstein cows. Objectives: The present study was performed to investigate the alterations of rumen fermentation, bacterial community structure, and predicted bacterial functional pathways in Holstein cows. Methods: Holstein cows were divided into the SARA (n = 6) or non-SARA (n = 4) groups, depending on whether they developed SARA during the first 2 weeks after parturition. Reticulo-ruminal pH was measured continuously during the study period. Reticulo-ruminal fluid samples were collected 3 weeks prepartum, and 2 and 6 weeks postpartum, and blood samples were collected 3 weeks before, 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks postpartum. Results: The postpartum decline in 7-day mean reticulo-ruminal pH was more severe and longer-lasting in the SARA group compared with the non-SARA group. Changes in predicted functional pathways were identified in the SARA group. A significant upregulation of pathway "PWY-6383" associated with Mycobacteriaceae species was identified at 3 weeks after parturition in the SARA group. Significantly identified pathways involved in denitrification (DENITRIFICATION-PWY and PWY-7084), detoxification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (PWY1G-0), and starch degradation (PWY-622) in the SARA group were downregulated. Conclusions: The postpartum SARA occurrence is likely related to the predicted functions of rumen bacterial community rather than the alterations of rumen fermentation or fluid bacterial community structure. Therefore, our result suggests the underlying mechanisms, namely functional adaptation of bacterial community, causing postpartum SARA in Holstein cows during the periparturient period.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was financially supported by a grant from the Ito Foundation, Japan.

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