문화기술의 융합 (The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology)

  • 제9권3호
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  • Pages.655-662
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  • 2023
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  • 2384-0358(pISSN)
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  • 2384-0366(eISSN)
국제문화기술진흥원 (The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology)
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빅데이터 분석은 사회과학 연구에서 방법론적 혁신인가?

Is Big Data Analysis to Be a Methodological Innovation? : The cases of social science

  • 이상기 (부경대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션학부(언론정보전공))
  • SangKhee Lee (Dept. of Communication Studies, Pukyong National University)
  • 투고 : 2023.03.05
  • 심사 : 2023.05.08
  • 발행 : 2023.05.31
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초록

사회과학 분야에서 빅데이터 연구는 기존의 사회과학 연구방법을 보완하는 역할을 하고 있다. 사회과학자들이 선호하는 서베이 및 실험 방법이 주로 회상 기억에 의존하여 다소 부정확하다면 빅데이터는 실시간 기록이라 보다 정확하다. 기존의 사회과학 연구가 시간과 비용 등의 이유로 연구대상을 전수 조사하기보다 표집에 의한 표본 조사를 주로 하는 것과 달리 빅데이터 연구는 전수에 가까운 데이터를 분석한다. 그렇지만 시간의 흐름에 따라 사회 분위기가 변할 수 있고, 연구대상도 동일하지 않아 연구의 반복 및 재현은 둘 다 쉽지 않다. 무엇보다 기존의 사회과학 연구가 '이론-방법-데이터'의 삼각구조가 튼튼한 데 반해 빅데이터를 활용한 분석은 이론의 빈약함을 보이고 있어 심각한 문제다. 과학적 설명논리로서의 이론이 없으면 연구결과를 얻고서도 제대로 해석하지 못하거나 온전히 활용 할 수 없기 때문이다. 그러므로 빅데이터 연구가 진정한 방법론적 혁신이 되기 위해서는 새로운 이론(블랙박스)을 창출하기 위한 연구자들의 노력과 함께 빅 씽킹(big thinking)이 필요함을 제안했다.

Big data research plays a role of supplementing existing social science research methods. If the survey and experimental methods are somewhat inaccurate because they mainly rely on recall memories, big data are more accurate because they are real-time records. Social science research so far, which mainly conducts sample research for reasons such as time and cost, but big data research analyzes almost total data. However, it is not easy to repeat and reproduce social research because the social atmosphere can change and the subjects of research are not the same. While social science research has a strong triangular structure of 'theory-method-data', big data analysis shows a weak theory, which is a serious problem. Because, without the theory as a scientific explanation logic, even if the research results are obtained, they cannot be properly interpreted or fully utilized. Therefore, in order for big data research to become a methodological innovation, I proposed big thinking along with researchers' efforts to create new theories(black boxes).

키워드

과제정보

이 논문은 부경대학교 자율창의학술연구비(2021년)에 의하여 연구되었음

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