KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimizing Locations for Micro-mobility Parking Area based on User Big-data Analysis

빅데이터 기반 공유형 마이크로 모빌리티의 주차시설 입지 최적화 연구

  • 최낙현 (경기대학교 도시.교통공학과) ;
  • 김정화 (경기대학교 도시.교통공학과)
  • Received : 2022.05.27
  • Accepted : 2022.12.19
  • Published : 2023.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Most of the Micro-mobility parking in Korea use Dockless system. However, Dockless can result in cluttering, infrastructure deficiencies, and safety challenges as has been observed in cities. It is necessary to introduce a Station Parking system in order to solve the drawbacks of the dockless, but the introduction without engineering has low accessibility and induces side effects. In this study, to decide optimal location about number of the Micro-mobility Station, we has been applied the MCLP model about the coverage range, usage demand, usage time in order to classify the type of Micro-mobility Station. For the MCLP, User Date input to reflect realistic demand in Bundang new town, Korea. The result show that the optimal number of facilities in 400 m was 146, and the coverage ratio was 99.83 %, which was most suitable coverage for solving the parking problem. We also classified the demand into 4 levels and the usage time into 3 levels, and by crossing them, we were able to classify the Parking lot types into 12 types. It is possible to propose strategic policies in the installation and operation of Micro-mobility Parking System.

최근 마이크로 모빌리티는 비대면 사회에서 라스트 마일을 이용하는데 유용한 교통수단으로 정의되고 있지만, 현재 주차방식을 비고정형으로 채택하고 있어 교통수단이 가지는 장점보다는 단점이 더 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 마이크로 모빌리티의 주차방식을 비고정형에서 고정형으로 전환하면서 필요한 주차장 입지를 공학적 분석을 통해 마이크로 모빌리티의 주차문제 해결에 목적이 있다. 마이크로 모빌리티 주차장의 최적 개수 및 위치를 도출하기 위해서 입지선정모형인 MCLP 모형을 사용하였다. MCLP 모형 적용의 대상지는 분당 1기 신도시로 현실적인 공유 전동킥보드의 수요에 대응하는 최적입지 도출을 위해 실제 이용 데이터를 수집하여 반영하였으며, 최적입지에 시간대별 이용 수요를 반영하기 위해 커버 범위, 수요, 시간대별로 모형을 적용 및 분류하였다. 분석 결과, 커버 범위를 400 m로 적용하였을 때 최적 주차시설의 개수는 146개로 현재 마이크로 모빌리티의 수요가 99.83 % 커버되어 주차문제 해결에 적절한 커버 범위로 나타났다. 또한, 공유 전동킥보드의 이용 수요를 4개의 수준, 시간대를 3개의 수준으로 분류하고 교차하여 도출된 마이크로 모빌리티의 주차장을 총 12개의 유형으로 분류하였다. 이러한 주차장 유형의 분류는 향후 마이크로 모빌리티 주차시설의 설치 및 운영에 있어 전략적인 정책 제안이 가능할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2022학년도 경기대학교 학술연구비(신진연구과제) 지원에 의하여 수행되었음. 본 연구는 2023년 경기대학교 대학원 연구원장학생 장학금 지원에 의하여 수행되었음.

References

  1. Choi, M. H., Jung, H. Y. and Lee, H. Y. (2021). "Determining the optimum service area and station location for personal mobility sharing services." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, KSCE, Vol. 25, No. 10, pp. 3966-3976. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-2060-z
  2. Choi, N. H. and Kim, J. H. (2021). "A comparative study on the perceptions towards personal mobility vehicle between adults and minors." KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research, KSCE, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 543-550 (in Korean).
  3. Daniel, S., Philipp, S., Carsten, S. and Tyler, B. (2019). The promise and pitfalls of e-scooter sharing, Boston Consulting Group.
  4. Deloitte (2019). Small is beautiful: Making micromobility work for citizens, cities, and service providers, Available at: terms.naver.com (Accessed: January 24, 2022)
  5. Frade, I. and Ribeiro, A. (2015). "Bike-sharing stations: A maximal covering location approach." Transportation Research Part A, Vol. 82, pp. 216-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2015.09.014
  6. Garcia-Palomares, J. C., Gutierrez, J. and Latoree, M. (2012). "Optimizing the location of stations in bike-sharing programs: A GIS approach." Applied Geography, Vol. 35, No. 1-2, pp. 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.07.002
  7. Gossling, S. (2020). "Integrating e-scooters in urban transportation: Problems, policies, and the prospect of system change." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 79, 102230.
  8. Hollingsworth, J., Copeland, B. and Johnson, J. X. (2019). "Are e-scooter polluters? The environmental impacts of shared dockless electric scooters." Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, No. 8, 084031.
  9. International Energy Agency (IEA) (2021). Globlal energy review 2021, Available at: iea.org (Accessed: March 15,
  10. Jeon, J. W., Jung, J. Y., Kang, Y. K. and Kim, J. H. (2019). "Location decision of personal mobility station based on spatial data with demand-responsive management." Proceeding of the KOR-KST Conference, pp. 466-467 (in Korean).
  11. Kim, K. Y. (2021). "Evaluating coverage of automated external deflbrillator (AED) using a spatial optimization model: The case of Gangnam-Gu." Journal of the Association of Korean Geographers, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 153-166 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.25202/JAKG.10.1.10
  12. Korea Consumer Agency (KCA) (2021). E-Scooter, there are differences in mileage and driving performance by product, p. 13 (in Korean).
  13. Lee, J. W., Kim, J. Y., Yu, K. Y. and Yang, S. C. (2019). "Optimal location modeling for elementary student's care facility using public data." Jounal of Cadastre InformatiX, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 109-122 (in Korean).
  14. Masoud, M., Elhennawy, M., Almannaa, M. H., Liu, S. Q., Glaser, S. and Rakotonirainy, A. (2019). "Heuristic approaches to solve e-scooter assignment problem." IEEE Acess, Vol. 7, pp. 175093-175105. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2957303
  15. Moon, H. K., Oh, K. H., Kim, S. K. and Jung, J. Y. (2016). "Analysis of regional transit convenience in seoul public transportation networks using smart card big data." Jounal of the Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 294-303 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.7232/JKIIE.2016.42.4.296
  16. Park, B. R., Lee, K. J. and Choi, K. C. (2013). "Optimum location choice for bike parking lots using heuristic p-median algorithm." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, KSCE, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 1989-1998 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.12652/KSCE.2013.33.5.1989
  17. Park, C. and Sohn, S. Y. (2017). "An optimization approach for the placement of bicycle-sharing stations to reduce short car trips: An application to the city of Seoul." Transportation Research Part A, Vol. 105, pp. 154-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.08.019
  18. PMG Dictionary of Current Affairs (2019). Micro-mobility, Available at: www.deloitte.com/global/en.html (Accessed: November 8, 2022) (in Korean).
  19. raine (2020). A guide to electric scooter batteries, Available at: raine.co (Accessed: March 30, 2022). 
  20. Shin, H. C. (2020). "Activation plan for future personal mobility." Monthly Transportation, Vol. 268, No. 6, pp. 31-37 (in Korean).
  21. Song, H. J. and Lee, G. H. (2017). "Optimal location modeling of early voting polls considering spatial accessibility: Cases of Seocho and Gangnam-gu in Seoul." Journal of the Korean Geographical Society, Vol. 52, No. 6, pp. 827-843 (in Korean).
  22. United Nations (UN) (2014). World urbanization prosperts 2014, Available at: population.un.org (Accessed: March 10, 2022).