Acknowledgement
This work was supported by a grant (BCRI20040) from Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute and funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HR20C0021).
References
- Basbaum AI, Bautista DM, Scherrer G, Julius D. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pain. Cell 2009; 139: 267-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.09.028
- Donnelly CR, Andriessen AS, Chen G, Wang K, Jiang C, Maixner W, et al. Central nervous system targets: glial cell mechanisms in chronic pain. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17: 846-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-020-00905-7
- Mika J, Zychowska M, Popiolek-Barczyk K, Rojewska E, Przewlocka B. Importance of glial activation in neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716: 106-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.072
- Bardin L. The complex role of serotonin and 5-HT receptors in chronic pain. Behav Pharmacol 2011; 22: 390-404. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e328349aae4
- Millan MJ. Descending control of pain. Prog Neurobiol 2002; 66: 355-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0082(02)00009-6
- Sahbaie P, Irvine KA, Liang DY, Shi X, Clark JD. Mild traumatic brain injury causes nociceptive sensitization through spinal chemokine upregulation. Sci Rep 2019; 9: 19500. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55739-x
- Guo W, Miyoshi K, Dubner R, Gu M, Li M, Liu J, et al. Spinal 5-HT3 receptors mediate descending facilitation and contribute to behavioral hypersensitivity via a reciprocal neuron-glial signaling cascade. Mol Pain 2014; 10: 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8069-10-35
- Rahman W, Suzuki R, Webber M, Hunt SP, Dickenson AH. Depletion of endogenous spinal 5-HT attenuates the behavioural hypersensitivity to mechanical and cooling stimuli induced by spinal nerve ligation. Pain 2006; 123: 264-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2006.02.033
- Wei F, Dubner R, Zou S, Ren K, Bai G, Wei D, et al. Molecular depletion of descending serotonin unmasks its novel facilitatory role in the development of persistent pain. J Neurosci 2010; 30: 8624-36. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5389-09.2010
- Yin M, Kim YO, Choi JI, Jeong S, Yang SH, Bae HB, et al. Antinociceptive role of neurotensin receptor 1 in rats with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Korean J Pain 2020; 33: 318-25. https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2020.33.4.318
- Deuis JR, Dvorakova LS, Vetter I. Methods used to evaluate pain behaviors in rodents. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10: 284. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00284
- Oatway MA, Chen Y, Weaver LC. The 5-HT3 receptor facilitates at-level mechanical allodynia following spinal cord injury. Pain 2004; 110: 259-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2004.03.040
- Godinez-Chaparro B, Lopez-Santillan FJ, Orduna P, Granados-Soto V. Secondary mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia depend on descending facilitation mediated by spinal 5-HT4, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors. Neuroscience 2012; 222: 379-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.008
- Svensson CI, Tran TK, Fitzsimmons B, Yaksh TL, Hua XY. Descending serotonergic facilitation of spinal ERK activation and pain behavior. FEBS Lett 2006; 580: 6629-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.11.012
- Yang J, Bae HB, Ki HG, Oh JM, Kim WM, Lee HG, et al. Different role of spinal 5-HT(hydroxytryptamine)7 receptors and descending serotonergic modulation in inflammatory pain induced in formalin and carrageenan rat models. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113: 138-47. Erratum in: Br J Anaesth 2015; 115: 154.
- Lee HG, Kim WM, Kim JM, Bae HB, Choi JI. Intrathecal nefopam-induced antinociception through activation of descending serotonergic projections involving spinal 5-HT7 but not 5-HT3 receptors. Neurosci Lett 2015; 587: 120-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.12.040
- Kim JM, Jeong SW, Yang J, Lee SH, Kim WM, Jeong S, et al. Spinal 5-HT1A, not the 5-HT1B or 5-HT3 receptors, mediates descending serotonergic inhibition for late-phase mechanical allodynia of carrageenan-induced peripheral inflammation. Neurosci Lett 2015; 600: 91-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2015.05.058
- Cragg JJ, Scott AL, Ramer MS. Depletion of spinal 5-HT accelerates mechanosensory recovery in the deafferented rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 2010; 222: 277-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.01.005
- Geranton SM, Fratto V, Tochiki KK, Hunt SP. Descending serotonergic controls regulate inflammation-induced mechanical sensitivity and methylCpG-binding protein 2 phosphorylation in the rat superficial dorsal horn. Mol Pain 2008; 4: 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8069-4-35
- Irvine KA, Sahbaie P, Ferguson AR, Clark JD. Enhanced descending pain facilitation in acute traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2019; 320: 112976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.112976
- Bradesi S. Role of spinal cord glia in the central processing of peripheral pain perception. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010; 22: 499-511. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01491.x
- Rahman W, Suzuki R, Rygh LJ, Dickenson AH. Descending serotonergic facilitation mediated through rat spinal 5HT3 receptors is unaltered following carrageenan inflammation. Neurosci Lett 2004; 361: 229-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2003.12.069