Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics

Interdisciplinary Society of Genetic & Genomic Medicine (유전의학융합회)
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β-ureidopropionase Deficiency

  • Jun Hwa Lee (Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2023.03.14
  • Accepted : 2023.04.10
  • Published : 2023.04.30
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Abstract

β-ureidopropionase (β-UP) is an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the pyrimidine degradation pathway, which converts β-ureidopropionate and β-ureidoisobutyrate into β-alanine and β-aminoisobutyrate, respectively. β-UP deficiency (UPB1D; OMIM # 613161) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive inborn error disease caused by a mutation in the UPB1 gene on chromosome 22q11. To date, approximately 40 cases of UPB1D have been reported worldwide, including one case in Korea. The clinical manifestations of patients with UPB1D are known to be diverse, with a very wide range of manifestations being previously reported; these manifestations include completely asymptomatic, urogenital and colorectal anomalies, or severe neurological involvement, including global developmental delay, microcephaly, early onset psychomotor retardation with dysmorphic features, epilepsy, optic atrophy, retinitis pigmentosa, severely delayed myelination, and cerebellar hypoplasia. Currently, diagnosis of UPB1D is challenging as neurological manifestations, MRI abnormalities, and biochemical analysis for pyrimidine metabolites in the urine, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid also need to be confirmed by UPB1 gene mutations. Overall, treatment of patients with UPB1D is palliative as there is still no definitive curative treatment available.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank the Korean patients and their parents, and also thank Editage (www.editage.co.kr) for helping with English editing.

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