DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Determinants of Pakistani Tourists' Visit Intention to Korea in SNS Context- The Effect of Usefulness, Interestingness and Involvement

  • Received : 2023.03.25
  • Accepted : 2023.02.14
  • Published : 2023.04.30

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between characteristics of social media sites (SNS) and the intention of Pakistani tourists to visit South Korea while determining the role of usefulness, interestingness, and involvement of tourists. Research design, data and methodology: A research model was developed through the previous research, and the questioner-based survey was conducted on Pakistani tourists visiting Korea. The survey data was collected by following multiple hypotheses: the relationship between SNS tourism information and perception of SNS, the relationship between SNS perception and intention to visit, and adjustment of involvement in the relation between tourism information characteristics, and SNS perception. We used SPSS and AMOS24.0 statistical tools to analyze the hypothesis testing data. Results: Based on the data analysis, the study found that the characteristics of SNS have a positive effect on intention to visit via users' perception like usefulness and interestingness. The involvement has a moderating effect between SNS characteristics and users' perception. In the group with high involvement, the degree of influence of the quality factor of SNS on user perception was greater than in the group with low involvement. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that traveler's involvement has a moderating effect on the relationship between SNS characteristics and visit intention for Pakistani travelers visiting Korea. It shows that practitioners or researchers should establish and operate SNS strategies in consideration of user involvement.

Keywords

References

  1. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.  https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  2. Alhemimah, A. (2023). How COVID-19 impacts travel-health information seeking and tourists' travel intentions: A protection motivation theory-based model, Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 27,1-11 
  3. Assael, H. (1984). Consumer behavior and marketing action (2nd ed.). Kent Publishing Company. 
  4. Assael, H. (1995). Consumer behavior and marketing action (5th ed.). South-Western College Publishing. 
  5. Chen, Y. C., Shang, R. A., & Li, M. J. (2018). The effects of perceived relevance of travel blogs' content on the behavioral intention to visit a tourist destination. Computers in Human Behavior, 78, 787-799. 
  6. Choi, H. K. (2005). An Effect of Evolution on the Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention in Tourism Education. Journal of Consumption Culture, 8(1), 135-152. 
  7. Corritore, C. L., Kracher, B., & Wiedenbeck, S. (2003). On-line trust: concepts, evolving themes, a model. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 58(6), 737-758.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00041-7
  8. Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.  https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
  9. Deighton, J., & Sorrell, M. (1996). The future of interactive marketing. Harvard Business Review, 74(6), 151-160. 
  10. Doosti, S., Jalilvand, M. R., Asadi, A., Khazaei Pool, J., & Mehrani Adl, P. (2019). Analyzing the influence of electronic word of mouth on visit intention: The mediating role of tourists' attitude and city image. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(2), 137-148. 
  11. Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D., & Miniard, P. W. (1986). Consumer behavior (3rd ed.). Dryden Press. 
  12. Filieri, R., & McLeay, F. (2014). E-WOM and accommodation: An analysis of the factors that influence travelers' adoption of information from online reviews. Journal of Travel Research, 53(1), 44-57.  https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513481274
  13. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. AddisonWesley. 
  14. Freedman, C. I. (1964). Involvement, discrepancy and change. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 69(3), 290-295.  https://doi.org/10.1037/h0042717
  15. French, A, Luo, X. Bose, R. (2017), Toward a holistic understanding of continued use of social networking tourism: A mixed-methods approach, Information & Management, 54(6), 802-813,  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.10.006
  16. Ghose, S., & Dou, W. (1998). Interactive functions and their impacts on the appeal of Internet presence sites. Journal of Advertising Research, 38(2), 29-43. 
  17. Ha, H. J., & Kim, K. J. (2005). The Effects of Experiential Elements on Revisit Intention in Traditional Culture - Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Satisfaction. Tourism Research, 40(1), 205-225. 
  18. Hyun, K. H. (2014). Effects of Festival Experiential Factors on Festival Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention - With Focus on Muju Firefly Festival. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 14(9), 494-502.  https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2014.14.09.494
  19. Hong, S. H., Choi, B. G., & Lee, S. E. (2006). A Content Analysis of Articles on Event and Festival Appeared in Korean Tourism Journals. Journal of Tourism Sciences, 30(6), 95-111. 
  20. Houston, M. J., & Rothschild, M. L. (1978). Conceptual and methodological perspectives in involvement. In S. Ward & P. Wright (Eds.), Advances in consumer research ,5, 184-187. 
  21. Jeon, H. J., & Kim, E. S. (2018). A Study on the Degree of Information Satisfaction and Visit Intention of Consumers According to the Characteristics on On-line Information Source for Restaurants. International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 32(8), 133-148.  https://doi.org/10.21298/IJTHR.2018.08.32.8.133
  22. Kim, S., & Jun, J. (2016). The Impact of Event Advertising on Attitudes and Visit Intentions. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 29, 1-8. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.04.002. 
  23. Kim, J.-H., Bai, L. Z., & Han, J.-S. (2021). The Impact of Social Media Influencers' Expertise and Attractiveness on Visit Intention - Mediating Role of Customer Attitude. Korean Journal of Hospitality & Tourism, 30(1), 103-115. 
  24. Kotler, P., Bowen, J., & Makens, J. (1999). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall. 
  25. Laurent, G., & Kapferer, J.-N. (1985). Measuring consumer involvement profiles. Journal of Marketing Research, 22(1), 41-53.  https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378502200104
  26. Lee, C. S. (2020). A Study on Travel Factors Affecting Local Curiosity. Management & Information System Review, 39(4), 79-92.  https://doi.org/10.29214/DAMIS.2020.39.4.005
  27. Lee, N. K., Byun, G. I., & Kim, K. J. (2014). A study on the effect of characteristics of SNS WOM information for restaurant businesses on the acceptance of WOM information and consumer attitude: Focusing on married women in Busan area. Culin. Sci. Hosp. Res, 10, 165-177. 
  28. Lee, J. S., & Choe, Y. B. (2003). Destination Identity and Image of Macao. Journal of China Tourism Research. 
  29. Lilleker, D. G. (2015). Interactivity and branding: Public political communication as a marketing tool. Journal of Political Marketing, 14(1-2), 111-128.  https://doi.org/10.1080/15377857.2014.990841
  30. Lim, H., & Shim, W. (2019). A Study on Tourism Motivation and Tour Site Selection of SNS Tourism Information Characters, Journal of Tourism Management Research, 23(2), 677-700.  https://doi.org/10.18604/tmro.2019.23.2.32
  31. Lim, S. T. (2016). A Study of Influence of Social Network Service (SNS) of Sharing Economy Lodging on the Customer e-Trust and Visit Intention. Korean Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 25, 45-63. 
  32. Mainolfi, G., Lo Presti, L., & Marino, V. (2020). "YOU POST, I TRAVEL". The Influence of Travel Blogger Credibility, Motivation and Engagement on Followers' Travel Decisions. A Two-Country Survey. Global Marketing Conference, 565-578. 
  33. McQuail, D., De Bens, E., & Golding, P. (2005). Communication theory and research. Sage Publications Ltd. 
  34. Metzger, M. J. (2007). Making sense of credibility on the Web: Models for evaluating online information and recommendations for future research. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(13), 2078-2091.  https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20672
  35. Mitchell, A. A. (1979). Involvement: A potentially important mediator of consumer behavior. In W. L. Wilkie (Ed.), Advances in consumer research. 6, 191-196). 
  36. Muniz, A. M., & O'guinn, T. C. (2001). Brand community. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(4), 412-432.  https://doi.org/10.1086/319618
  37. Ostrom, T. M., & Brock, T. C. (1968). A cognitive model of attitudinal involvement. In Theories of Cognitive Consistency: A Sourcebook (pp. 293-319). Rand McNally. 
  38. Park, E. S. (2015). How Mobile Tour Information Affect the Image and Satisfaction on that Spots. Journal of Tourism and Leisure Research, 27(9), 41-58. 
  39. Rafaeli, S., & Sudweeks, F. (1997). Networked interactivity. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 2(4), 24-30. 
  40. Robertson, T. S. (1976). Low-commitment consumer behavior. Journal of Advertising Research, 16(2), 19-24. 
  41. Rhine, R. J., & Severance, L. J. (1970). Ego involvement, discrepancy, source credibility, and attitude change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16(2), 175-190.  https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029832
  42. Setiawan, P. Y., Purbadharmaja, I. B. P., Widanta, A. A. B. P., & Hayashi, T. (2018). How electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) triggers intention to visit through destination image, trust and satisfaction: The perception of a potential tourist in Japan and Indonesia. Online Information Review, 42(6), 861-878. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-09-2017-0301 
  43. Sherif, M., & Cantril, H. (1947). The psychology of ego involvement. John Wiley & Sons. 
  44. Sherif, M., & Serif, C. W. (1967). Attitude: Ego involvement and change. 113-114. 
  45. Shelby, A. N. (1998). Communication quality revisited: Exploring the link with persuasive effects. The Journal of Business Communication, 35(3), 387-404. https://doi.org/10.1177/002194369803500307 
  46. Tapanainen,T., Dao, T. K., Nguyen, T. T.(2021), Impacts of online word-of-mouth and personalities on intention to choose a destination, Computers in Human Behavior, 116,1-14  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106656
  47. Traylor, M. B. (1981). Product involvement and brand commitment. Journal of Advertising Research, 21(6), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00063-4 
  48. Woodside, A. G., & Lysonski, S. (1989). A general model of traveler destination choice. Journal of Travel Research, 27(4), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758902700402 
  49. Yeo, K. H., Choi, H. K., & Kim, H. D. (2004). The difference of trust and usefulness on the user satisfaction of website tourism information. MICE Tourism Research, 4(1), 69-86. 
  50. Yoon, Y. S., Yoo, Y. K., & Jang, Y. L. (2013). A study on the influence of travel information characteristics of smartphone on travel information satisfaction credibility, and behavior intention. Journal of Tourism Science, 37(5), 11-28. https://doi.org/10.17086/JTS.2013.37.5.11.28 
  51. Zaichkowsky, J. L. (1984). Conceptualizing and measuring the involvement construct in marketing, University of California. 
  52. Zhang, X. Y., & Ceon, S. D. (2014). A study on the effect of SNS tourism information on spread, trust and tourism attraction preference. Journal of Tourism Research, 39(4), 25-45. https://doi.org/10.12735/jtr.v39i4p025 
  53. Zhou, T., Li, H., & Liu, Y. (2010). The effect of flow experience on mobile SNS users' loyalty. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 110(6), 930-946. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571011061864