Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science

Korean Academy of Periodontology (대한치주과학회)
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Evaluation of the regenerative capacity of stem cells combined with bone graft material and collagen matrix using a rabbit calvarial defect model

  • Jun-Beom Park (Department of Periodontics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • InSoo Kim (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Won Lee (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Heesung Kim (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • Received : 2022.12.12
  • Accepted : 2023.02.17
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the regenerative capacity of stem cells combined with bone graft material and a collagen matrix in rabbit calvarial defect models according to the type and form of the scaffolds, which included type I collagen matrix and synthetic bone. Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from the periosteum of participants. Four symmetrical 6-mm-diameter circular defects were made in New Zealand white rabbits using a trephine drill. The defects were grafted with (1) group 1: synthetic bone (β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite [β-TCP/HA]) and 1×105 MSCs; (2) group 2: collagen matrix and 1×105 MSCs; (3) group 3: β-TCP/HA, collagen matrix covering β-TCP/HA, and 1×105 MSCs; or (4) group 4: β-TCP/HA, chipped collagen matrix mixed with β-TCP/HA, and 1×105 MSCs. Cellular viability and cell migration rates were analyzed. Results: Uneventful healing was achieved in all areas where the defects were made at 4 weeks, and no signs of infection were identified during the healing period or at the time of retrieval. New bone formation was more evident in groups 3 and 4 than in the other groups. A densitometric analysis of the calvarium at 8 weeks post-surgery showed the highest values in group 3. Conclusions: This study showed that the highest regeneration was found when the stem cells were applied to synthetic bone along with a collagen matrix.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of The Catholic University of Korea Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital Clinical Research Laboratory Foundation in the program year 2019.

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