Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
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Anti-inflammatory effects of Athyrium yokoscense extract via inhibition of the Erk1/2 and NF-κB pathways in bisphenol A-stimulated A549 cells

  • Received : 2022.07.13
  • Accepted : 2022.10.12
  • Published : 2023.01.15
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Abstract

Bisphenol A is an environmental endocrine disruptor that has similar functions to estrogen in humans. However, few studies have investigated pulmonary inflammation induced by BPA, and the effect of Athyrium yokoscense extract on this inflammatory response is unknown. In this study, we investigated this effect in A549 human alveolar epithelial cells. BPA at concentrations higher than 100 µM were cytotoxic to A549 cells at 24 and 48 h after treatment; however, AYE (100 ㎍/mL) had a protective effect against BPA-induced cytotoxicity. AYE also inhibited the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 proteins, activities of phospholipase A2, COX-2, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and proinflammatory mediators including prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 induced by BPA in A549 cells. This study demonstrated that BPA, which induces chronic lung disease, causes oxidative stress and inflammatory response in lung epithelial cell line, and found that AYE reduces BPA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response by down-regulating the Erk1/2 and NF-κB pathways.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201828101).

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