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돼지감자(Helianthus tuberosus L.)의 첨가량과 증자처리에 따른 약주 발효 특성

Fermentation characteristics of yakju containing different amounts of steam-cooked Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

  • Jun-Su Choi (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kyu-Taek Choi (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Chan-Woo Kim (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Heui-Dong Park (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Sae-Byuk Lee (School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University)
  • 투고 : 2023.01.05
  • 심사 : 2023.02.20
  • 발행 : 2023.02.28

초록

본 연구에서는 돼지감자 첨가에 따른 약주의 최적 공정을 선정하고자 돼지감자의 증자처리 유무와 첨가량을 달리하여 약주를 제조하였고, 이들의 양조적성을 평가하였다. 돼지감자 첨가량이 증가할수록 가용성 고형분이 증가하였지만, 효모가 발효과정 중 이용할 수 없는 비발효당의 함량이 증가하여 발효과정 전반에 걸쳐 환원당이 많이 잔존한 관계로 알코올이 적게 생성되었다. 또한, 증자처리에 따라 돼지감자 분말의 가수분해가 용이해져, 증자한 돼지감자로 빚은 약주의 알코올 생성량은 무증자 처리한 약주보다 크게 증가하였다. 약주의 산미와 관련된 pH와 총산의 경우, 돼지감자 첨가량이 증가할수록 발효과정 중 pH는 감소하고 총산은 증가하였으며, 증자한 돼지감자로 빚은 약주에서 pH가 증가하고 총산은 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 돼지감자가 첨가된 약 주의 유리당 분석 결과, 돼지감자 첨가량이 증가할수록 inulin을 포함하여 잔존 유리당이 높게 나타났다. 이런 결과는 증자처리 과정에서 inulin이 가수분해되어 효모의 알코올 발효가 용이해져 잔존하는 유리당 함량이 상대적으로 낮게 측정되었다. 유기산 함량은 돼지감자 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였으며, 증자된 돼지감자로 빚은 약주에서 유기산 함량이 감소하였다. 아미노산 함량은 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 증자한 돼지감자로 빚은 약주의 아미노산도 역시 크게 감소하였다. 유리아미노산 중 단맛에 관여하는 glycine, alanine, proline, phenylalanine은 무증자 돼지감자 10%를 첨가한 약주에서 높게 나타났다. 돼지감자 첨가 약주의 아세트알데히드와 메탄올 함량은 식품공전 상의 허용기준치 내로 검출되었으며, 증자된 돼지감자로 제조한 약주에서 ethyl acetate와 fusel oil 함량이 증가하였으며, 돼지감자 첨가량이 증가할수록 ethyl acetate는 증가하고, fusel oil은 감소하였다. 제조한 약주의 관능평가를 한 결과, 돼지감자 첨가 시에 전체적으로 단맛이 증가하였으며, 무증자 돼지감자를 첨가한 약주에서 향미, 신맛, 전반적인 기호도에서 좋은 평가를 받았다. 특히, 무증자 돼지감자 10%를 첨가하였을 때, 가장 우수한 결과를 얻었다. 따라서 돼지감자가 inulin과 fructooligosaccharide와 같은 기능성 물질을 다량 함유하고 있음을 고려할 때, 무증자 돼지감자를 원료 대비 10% 첨가하는 것이 돼지감자를 활용한 고품질 기능성 약주를 제조하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있음을 확인하였고, 이는 기능성 돼지감자 첨가 약주 제조의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Jerusalem artichoke (JA, Helianthus tuberosus L.) has a great potential to enhance the quality of yakju due to the plentiful inulin content which is functional and indigestible carbohydrate in human. In this study, the optimal preparation conditions such as the added amount and steam treatment of JA were investigated to improve the quality of yakju. As the amount of JA added to yakju increased, alcohol production decreased, whereas fermentation was performed well when the steam-cooked JA was added to yakju. The pH and total acidity of yakju decreased and increased, respectively, when the amount of JA added to yakju increased, whereas pH and total acidity of yakju increased and decreased, respectively, when the steam-cooked JA was added to yakju. The free sugar and organic acid contents of yakju increased and decreased, respectively, when the amount of JA added to yakju increased, whereas those of yakju decreased when the steam-cooked JA was added to Yakju. Amino acid content of JA decreased as the amount of JA added to yakju increased and that of JA significantly decreased when the steam-cooked JA was added to yakju. In the sensory evaluation analysis, the addition of 10% unsteam-cooked JA to yakju was the best when considering sweetness, flavor, sourness, and overall preference of yakju supplemented with JA. Consequently, utilizing JA to yakju may contribute to the improvement of the quality of yakju.

키워드

과제정보

This research was funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea, Korea, grant number NRF-2022R1I1A3072406.

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