한국임상수의학회지 (Journal of Veterinary Clinics)

  • 제40권6호
  • /
  • Pages.399-407
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  • 2023
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  • 1598-298X(pISSN)
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  • 2384-0749(eISSN)
한국임상수의학회 (The Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics)
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Evaluation of Albumin Creatinine Ratio as an Early Urinary Biomarker for Chronic Kidney Disease in Dogs

  • Hyun-Min Kang (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Heyong-Seok Kim (Petobio, Inc.) ;
  • Min-Hee Kang (Department of Bio-Animal Care, Jangan University) ;
  • Jong-Won Kim (Petobio, Inc.) ;
  • Dong-Jae Kang (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Woong-Bin Ro (Department of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Doo-Won Song (Shine Animal Medical Center) ;
  • Ga-Won Lee (Department of Companion Animal Industry, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University) ;
  • Hee-Myung Park (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Hwi-Yool Kim (Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University)
  • 투고 : 2023.07.27
  • 심사 : 2023.11.07
  • 발행 : 2023.12.31
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초록

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs in more than 15% of the dogs over 10 years of age and causes irreversible renal function deterioration. Therefore, it is important to diagnose CKD early and treat the disease properly. The purpose of this study aimed to to evaluate the clinical utility of urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) using POC (point-of-care) device as an early detection urinary biomarker in CKD dogs and to confirm the correlation between ACR and other known CKD biomarkers. Urine and serum samples were obtained from 50 healthy dogs and 50 dogs with CKD. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) concentrations, and urine protein creatinine ratio (UPC) were measured. Urine specific gravity (USG) was evaluated using refractometer, and ACR was measured using an i-SENS A1Care analyzer. The ACR values of dogs with CKD were significantly different from those of healthy dogs (p < 0.001), as with other renal biomarkers. ACR showed significant differences between healthy dogs and dogs with CKD at every IRIS stage (p < 0.005), whereas no significant differences were observed between dogs with CKD IRIS stage I and healthy dogs with UPC. There are significant positive correlation between ACR and BUN (r = 0.611, p < 0.001), creatinine (r = 0.788, p < 0.001), SDMA (r = 0.747, p < 0.001), and UPC (r = 0.784, p < 0.001), and significant negative correlation between ACR and USG (r = -0.700, p < 0.001). In receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.982 (95% CI 0.963-1.000, p < 0.001), with an optimal cut-off value of 64.20 mg/g (94% sensitivity and 94% specificity). Thus, ACR is a useful urinary biomarker for the early diagnosis of proteinuria in CKD and combined use of ACR and other renal biomarkers may be helpful for early diagnosis and prevention of CKD in dogs.

키워드

과제정보

The authors would like to give special thanks to Nine animal hospital, Times animal medical center, Songjeong animal medical center, Yongkang animal hospital and Cheonan animal medical center, and i-sens Korea Inc. for their assistance in this study. This study result is a part of MS thesis for Hyun-Min Kang, Konkuk University.

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