Acknowledgement
This article is a revision of the first author's master's thesis. This paper was supported by the Korean Association of Medical Technologists in 2023 and Proceeded by support project for thesis submission by member practitioners. Proofreading performed by Park SK.
References
- Feigenbaum H. Evolution of echocardiography. Circulation. 1996;93:1321-1327. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.93.7.1321
- Matulevicius SA, Rohatgi A, Das SR, Price AL, DeLuna A, Reimold SC. Appropriate use and clinical impact of transthoracic echocardiography. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;173:1600-1607. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.8972
- Steeds RP, Garbi M, Cardim N, Kasprzak JD, Sade E, Nihoyannopoulos P, et al. EACVI appropriateness criteria for the use of transthoracic echocardiography in adults: a report of literature and current practice review. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;18:1191-1204. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jew333
- Waggoner AD, Skelly AC. The profession of cardiac sonography and the status of professionalization of cardiac sonographers. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1999;12:335-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0894-7317(99)70057-x
- Nicastro I, Barletta V, Conte L, Fabiani I, Morgantini A, Lastrucci G, et al. Professional education, training and role of the cardiac sonographer in different countries. J Cardiovasc Echogr. 2013; 23:18-23. https://doi.org/10.4103/2211-4122.117981
- Bierig SM, Ehler D, Knoll ML, Waggoner AD. American Society of Echocardiography minimum standards for the cardiac sonographer: a position paper. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006;19:471-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2006.03.032
- Mitchell C, Rahko PS, Blauwet LA, Canaday B, Finstuen JA, Foster MC, et al. Guidelines for performing a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiographic examination in adults: recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2019;32:1-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2018.06.004
- Park JH, Na JO, Lee JS, Kim YH, Chang HJ. 2020 KSC/KATRD Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: executive summary. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2022; 85:1-10. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2021.0022
- Seo HS, Lee NH. Diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Korean J Med. 2010;78:5-13.
- Bossone E, D'Andrea A, D'Alto M, Citro R, Argiento P, Ferrara F, et al. Echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertension: from diagnosis to prognosis. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2012.10.009
- Bossone E, Bodini BD, Mazza A, Allegra L. Pulmonary arterial hypertension: the key role of echocardiography. Chest. 2005;127: 1836-1843. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.127.5.1836
- Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD, Chandrasekaran K, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23:685-713; quiz 786-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2010.05.010
- Main ML, Thomas JD. Digital echocardiography. Curr Opin Cardiol. 1998;13:404-408. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001573-199811000-00004
- Ehler D, Carney DK, Dempsey AL, Rigling R, Kraft C, Witt SA, et al. Guidelines for cardiac sonographer education: recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography Sonographer Training and Education Committee. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2001;14:77-84. https://doi.org/10.1067/mje.2001.109922
- Gardner CJ, Brown S, Hagen-Ansert S, Harrigan P, Kisslo J, Kisslo K, et al. Guidelines for cardiac sonographer education: report of the American Society of Echocardiography Sonographer Education and Training Committee. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1992;5:635-639. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0894-7317(14)80331-3
- Pellikka PA, Nagueh SF, Elhendy AA, Kuehl CA, Sawada SG. American Society of Echocardiography recommendations for performance, interpretation, and application of stress echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2007;20:1021-1041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2007.07.003
- Pearlman AS, Gardin JM, Martin RP, Parisi AF, Popp RL, Quinones MA, et al. Guidelines for optimal physician training in echocardiography. Recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography Committee for physician training in echocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 1987;60:158-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(87)91004-6
- American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS). Registered diagnostic cardiac sonographer® (RDCS®) [Internet]. ARDMS [cited 2023 October 26]. Available from: https://www.ardms.org/get-certified/rdcs/
- Marriner M. Sonographer quality management. J Echocardiogr. 2020;18:44-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12574-019-00430-3
- Mitchell C, Miller FA Jr, Bierig SM, Bremer ML, Ehler D, Hanlon T, et al. Advanced Cardiovascular Sonographer: a proposal of the American Society of Echocardiography Advanced Practice Sonographer Task Force. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009;22:1409-1413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2009.10.002