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A Comparative Study of Microtremor HVSR from the Surface and Downhole Seismometers

지표형과 지중형 지진계의 상시미동 자료를 이용한 HVSR 비교 연구

  • Su Young Kang (Institute of Geohazard Research, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kwang-Hee Kim (Department of Geological Science, Pusan National University)
  • 강수영 (부산대학교 지질재해연구소) ;
  • 김광희 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과)
  • Received : 2023.10.05
  • Accepted : 2023.11.22
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) has been widely applied to evaluate ground characteristics such as site response and thickness of the soft sedimentary layer on top of the bedrock via dominant frequencies and amplification factors of microtremors. Eight seismic stations were selected to investigate the HVSR results at the surface and at varying depths, and their variations due to wind speeds. These stations are equipped with seismic sensors on the surface and downhole(s) at depths. The borehole data analysis reveals that the geological condition at burial depth influences the HVSR results. Their dominant frequencies indicate the entire thickness of the soft layer, not the thickness to the bottom or top of the soft sedimentary layer from the seismometer burial depth. Analysis of the background noise observed at the surface showed that the resonance frequency estimation varied with wind speed changes. In the studied cases, the background noise observed in the sedimentary layer at depths of 20 to 66 meters yielded stable and consistent resonance frequency estimation regardless of wind speed fluctuations. The results of the seismic sensors buried deeper than 100 meters are unstable. The result indicates that the background noise from the buried seismometer at shallow depths (~0.3 m) under light wind conditions (wind speeds less than 3 m/s) is sufficient to achieve the purpose of the HVSR analysis.

상시미동을 이용한 수평-수직 스펙트럼 비 방법은 해당부지의 공명주파수와 지반증폭 계수를 추정하여 퇴적층 두께 및 부지응답 등 지반특성을 평가하기 위해 널리 사용된다. 이 연구는 배경잡음을 관측한 깊이와 풍속 변화가 HVSR 결과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 지표형 지진계와 지중형 지진계가 설치되어 있는 8개 지진관측소를 선택하여 연구를 진행하였다. 분석결과를 종합해서 지진센서가 설치된 깊이에서의 지질학적 특성이 HVSR 결과에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 결정된 공명주파수는 지진센서가 설치된 퇴적층 전체 두께를 지시한다. 지표에서 관측한 배경잡음을 분석하면 풍속 변화에 따라 공명주파수가 다르게 추정된다. 이번 연구에서 분석한 결과는 지중 20-66 m 깊이에서 관측한 배경잡음은 풍속 변화에도 불구하고 공명주파수가 일정하게 추정되었다. 지중 100 m 이상의 깊은 깊이에서 수집한 상시미동 자료를 HVSR 분석하는 것은 결과가 불안정하다. 이번 연구는 지진계를 얕은 깊이(~0.3 m)에 매설하고 약한 풍속에서 관측한 자료를 사용하여도 HVSR 분석 목적을 달성하기에 충분한 결과를 얻을 수 있음을 보여준다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 부산대학교 기본연구지원사업(2년)에 의하여 연구되었습니다.

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