Journal of Service Research and Studies (서비스연구)

The Society of service Science (서비스사이언스학회)
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Hotel employee's perceptions of artificial intelligence concierge robots effect on switching cost, resistance, turnover intention

호텔 종업원의 인공지능 컨시어지로봇에 대한 인식이 전환비용, 저항 및 이직의도에 미치는 영향

  • Wang, Danping (Graduate School of Tourism, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Chung, Namho (Smart Tourism Education Platform, Kyung Hee University)
  • 왕단평 (경희대학교 관광대학원) ;
  • 정남호 (경희대학교 스마트관광원 )
  • Received : 2023.12.04
  • Accepted : 2023.12.21
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

The introduction of Smart technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI) systems are have a powerful impact in a variety of industry fields. Some experts predict that smart technology will completely change people's daily life and work styles, causing technological innovation, productivity improvement, and discovery and emergence of new fields. On the one hand, this vision cannot ignore negative views and concerns. Despite many social debates about employment, such as job loss and rising unemployment, there have not been many studies based on employee experience that provide a fundamental solution to the conflict between AI and employment. Therefore, this study finds out the effects and related factors of AI concierge robots for hotel employees, focusing on the hotel industry, and how employees' perceptions of AI concierge robots affect user resistance and turnover intention. This study, conducted a questionnaire survey of 322 hotel employees who had experience working with AI concierge robots in China, and used SPSS and SmartPLS statistical analysis programs to draw conclusions. We found that hotel employees' perceptions of AI concierge robots were significantly related to user resistance and turnover intention, and this association was related to employee self-efficacy, perceived organizational support, quality of AI services and new tasks. In addition, it was found that the quality of AI concierge robots directly or indirectly had the greatest influence on user resistance and turnover intention. The findings of this study provide theoretical implications for academia and practical implications for industry practitioners.

인공지능과 같은 스마트 기술의 도입은 다양한 산업 분야에 막대한 영향을 미치고 있다. 일부 전문가들은 스마트 기술이 새로운 영역의 등장, 생산성 향상을 일으키며 사람들의 일상과 업무처리 방식을 완전히 바꿀 것이라고 전망한다. 반면 부정적인 시선과 우려 또한 존재한다. 일자리 뺏김, 실업률의 상승 등 고용에 대한 많은 사회적 논쟁이 일어남에도 불구하고 인공지능시스템과 고용 간의 갈등에 대한 근본적인 해결책을 제공해주는 종업원 경험 기반의 연구는 미비하다. 따라서 본 연구는 중국 호텔업을 중심으로 인공지능 컨시어지로봇이 호텔 종업원에게 미치는 영향과 관련 요인을 찾아내며 이에 대한 인식이 사용자 저항과 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 인공지능 컨시어지로봇 서비스가 도입된 중국 내 호텔에서 근무하는 종업원 322명을 대상으로 설문조사 및 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 호텔 종업원들의 인공지능과 로봇에 대한 인식이 사용자 저항 및 이직 의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였으며, 이러한 영향은 종업원의 자기효능감, 조직적 지원, 인공지능 서비스의 품질과 새로운 업무처리 방식의 전환비용에 의해 결정된다는 것을 발견하였다. 더불어 인공지능 서비스의 품질이 직간접적으로 사용자 저항과 이직의도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 학술적, 실무적 시사점을 제안하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2023년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (NRF-2023S1A5C2A03095253)

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