Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Comparison of metabolites in rumen fluid, urine, and feces of dairy cow from subacute ruminal acidosis model measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

  • Hyun Sang, Kim (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Shin Ja, Lee (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Jun Sik, Eom (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Youyoung, Choi (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Seong Uk, Jo (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Jaemin, Kim (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Sang Suk, Lee (Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, College of Bio-industry Science, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Eun Tae, Kim (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Sung Sill, Lee (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2022.03.29
  • Accepted : 2022.06.30
  • Published : 2023.01.01
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Abstract

Objective: In this study, metabolites that changed in the rumen fluid, urine and feces of dairy cows fed different feed ratios were investigated. Methods: Eight Holstein cows were used in this study. Rumen fluid, urine, and feces were collected from the normal concentrate diet (NCD) (Italian ryegrass 80%: concentrate 20% in the total feed) and high concentrate diet (HCD) groups (20%: 80%) of dairy cows. Metabolite analysis was performed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) identification, and statistical analysis was performed using Chenomx NMR software 8.4 and Metaboanalyst 4.0. Results: The two groups of rumen fluid and urine samples were separated, and samples from the same group were aggregated together. On the other hand, the feces samples were not separated and showed similar tendencies between the two groups. In total, 160, 177, and 188 metabolites were identified in the rumen fluid, urine, and feces, respectively. The differential metabolites with low and high concentrations were 15 and 49, 14 and 16, and 2 and 2 in the rumen fluid, urine, and feces samples, in the NCD group. Conclusion: As HCD is related to rumen microbial changes, research on different metabolites such as glucuronate, acetylsalicylate, histidine, and O-Acetylcarnitine, which are related to bacterial degradation and metabolism, will need to be carried out in future studies along with microbial analysis. In urine, the identified metabolites, such as gallate, syringate, and vanillate can provide insight into microbial, metabolic, and feed parameters that cause changes depending on the feed rate. Additionally, it is thought that they can be used as potential biomarkers for further research on subacute ruminal acidosis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (IPET) through Livestock Industrialization Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)(321083052HD020).

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