한국어병학회지 (Journal of fish pathology)

  • 제36권2호
  • /
  • Pages.239-250
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 1226-0819(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-5412(eISSN)
한국어병학회 (The Korean Society of Fish Pathology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

2021년부터 2023년까지 뱀장어(Anguilla japonica) 질병 모니터링: 혈관내피세포감염바이러스(JEECV)와 Edwardsiella anguillarum의 중요성

Monitoring of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) diseases from 2021 to 2023: significance of Japanese Eel Endothelial Cells-infecting Virus (JEECV) and Edwardsiella anguillarum

  • 김현경 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 장문희 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 정성주 (전남대학교 수산생명의학과)
  • Hyeon-Kyeong Kim (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Mun-Hee Jang (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Sung-Ju Jung (Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2023.11.20
  • 심사 : 2023.12.06
  • 발행 : 2023.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

최근 뱀장어 (Anguilla japonica)에서 발생하고 있는 질병을 파악하기 위하여 질병 모니터링을 실시하였다. 2021년 5월부터 2022년 3월까지는 폐사가 발생한 7개의 양만장 유래의 뱀장어를 7회 검사하였다. 모든 양만장에서 JEECV가 검출되었고 양만장마다 1-2종의 세균 (Edwardsiella anguillarum, E. piscisida, Aeromonas sp., Citrobacter freundii, Lactococcus garviae 혹은 Vibrio sp.)이 복합감염이 일어나 있었다. 2022년 3월부터 2023년 10월까지는 전라남도 영광의 한 양식장에서 매달 정기적으로 총 22회 검사를 실시하였다. JEECV가 22회 검사 중 10회 검출되었고 폐사가 발생하지 않는 시기에도 꾸준히 검출되었다. 세균으로는 E. anguillarum, C. freundii, Aeromonas sp.와 Vibrio sp가검출되었으나 E. anguillarum이 분리된 개체만이 간의 농양과 출혈 병소가 일관되게 관찰되었고 다른 세균은 임상증상이 없는 경우가 많았다. 모니터링의 결과를 종합하면 양만장에서의 폐사는 JEECV 단독감염보다는 JEECV가 세균과 복합감염일 경우에 발생하였다. 그러므로 뱀장어의 폐사를 줄이기 위해서는 JEECV와 E. anguillarum의 관리에 중점을 두고 복합감염을 줄이는 것이 중요한 것으로 생각된다.

Disease monitoring was conducted to investigate the recent disease occurrence in Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica). Between May 2021 and March 2022, an investigation was conducted on eels from seven farms experiencing mortality. JEECV (Japanese eel endothelial cells-infecting virus) was detected in all examined farms, each exhibiting co-infections with 1 or 2 bacteria, including Edwardsiella anguillarum, E. piscisida, Aeromonas sp., Citrobacter freundii, Lactococcus garviae, or Vibrio sp. From March 2022 to October 2023, monthly periodic inspections were carried out at a farm in Yeonggwang, Jeollanam-do, for a total of 22 times. JEECV was detected in 10 out of 22 times, even when mortality was not recorded. Bacteria such as E. anguillarum, C. freundii, Aeromonas sp., and Vibrio sp. were isolated, but consistent clinical signs of liver abscess and hemorrhagic lesions were only recognized in fish infected with E. anguillarum. Other bacteria were often isolated from apparently healthy fish. In conclusion, mortality in eel farms frequently occurs due to co-infections of JEECV with bacteria rather than JEECV alone. Therefore, to reduce eel mortality, it is crucial to decrease co-infections, with a particular emphasis of JEECV and E. anguillarum.

키워드

과제정보

이 논문은 전남대학교 학술연구비(2023-1027-01) 지원에 의하여 연구되었음.

참고문헌

  1. Abayneh, T., Colquhoun, D. J. and Sorum, H.: Edwardsiella piscicida sp. nov., a novel species pathogenic to fish. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 114(3): 644-654, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.12080
  2. Bandeira Junior G., Dos Santos, A. C., de Freitas Souza, C., Baldissera, M. D., dos Santos Moreira, K. L., da Veiga, M. L. and Baldisserotto, B.: Citrobacter freundii infection in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen): hematological and histological alterations. Microbial Pathogenesis, 125: 276-280, 2018.
  3. Chen, B., Yang, X., Lu, L., Long, X. and Cao, H.: Citrobacter freundii: a causative agent for Tail Rot Disease in freshwater cultured Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica. Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 68: 1-7, 2016.
  4. Denmark, F. C.: Pseudodactylogyrus infections in eel: a review. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 3: 51-57. 1987. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao003051
  5. Esteve, C., Alcaide, E., Canals, R., Merino, S., Blasco, D., Figueras, M. J. and Tomas, J. M.: Pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila serogroup O: 14 and O: 81 strains with an S layer. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(10): 5898-5904, 2004.
  6. Gong, C., Guo, M., Lou, J., Zhang, L., An, Z., Vakharia, V. N., Kong, W. and Liu, X.: Identification and characterization of a highly virulent Citrobacter freundii isolate and its activation on immune responses in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Fish and Shellfish Immunology. 109224. 2023.
  7. Haenen, O. L. M., Mladineo, I., Konecny, R., Yoshimizu, M., Groman, D., Munoz, P., Saraiva ,A., Bergmann, S., Beurden, S. and Van Beurden, S. J.: Diseases of eels in an international perspective: Workshop on Eel Diseases at the 15th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, Split, Croatia, 2011. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 32(3): 109-115, 2012.
  8. Heinsbroek, L. T. N.: A review of eel culture in Japan and Europe. Aquaculture Research, 22(1): 57-72, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1991.tb00495.x
  9. Hossain, M. M. M. and Kawai, K.: Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and some other bacteria isolated from Japanese eels Anguilla japonica reared farm water. Bangladesh Research Publications Journal, 5(1): 22-30, 2011.
  10. Jang, M. H., Lee, M. Y., Cho, M. Y. and Song, J. Y.: A study on the status and characteristics of JEECV (Japanese Eel Endothelial Cell-infecting Virus) and AnHV (Anguillid Herpesvirus 1) infection in domestically farmed eels (Anguilla japonica, Anguilla bicolor and Anguilla marmorata). Korean Journal of Fisheries Science, 54(5): 668-675, 2021.
  11. Joh, S. J., Ahn, E. H., Lee, H. J., Shin, G. W., Kwon, J. H. and Park, C. G.: Bacterial pathogens and flora isolated from farm-cultured eels (Anguilla japonica) and their environmental waters in Korean eel farms. Veterinary Microbiology, 163(1-2): 190-195, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.11.004
  12. Kainz, P. The PCR plateau phase - towards an understanding of its limitations. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1494(1-2): 23-27. 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4781(00)00200-1
  13. Katharios, P., Kalatzis, P. G., Kokkari, C., Pavlidis, M., and Wang, Q.: Characterization of a highly virulent Edwardsiella anguillarum strain isolated from Greek aquaculture, and a spontaneously induced prophage therein. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10: 141, 2019.
  14. Kim, B. S., Park, J. W., Kang, G. S., Jin, J. H., Roh, H. J., Kim, D. H., Lee, M. K. and Huh, M. D. First report of nocardia infection in cultured Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Journal of Fish Diseases, 41(12): 1921-27, 2018a. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12882
  15. Kim, D. H., Lee, H .G, Lim, B. S. and Park, S. W.: Disease infection status of farmed eels, Anguilla japonica, in Chungcheong-do and Jeolla-do from 2004 to 2017. Journal of Fisheries and Ocean Education, 31(3): 884-892, 2019.
  16. Kim, E.: Reclassification of fish pathogenic Edwardsiella spp. isolated before 2010 and their characteristics. Journal of Fish Pathology, 36(1): 95-105, 2023. https://doi.org/10.7847/JFP.2023.36.1.095
  17. Kim, H. J., Yu, J. H., Kim, D. W., Kwon, S. R. and Park, S. W.: Molecular evidence of anguillid herpes-virus-1 (AngHV-1) in the farmed Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel, in Korea. Journal of Fish Diseases, 35(4): 315-319, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01344.x
  18. Kim, J. D., Lee, N. S., Do, J. W., Kim, M. S., Seo, H. G., Cho, M., Jung, S. H. and Han, H. J. Nocardia seriolae infection in the cultured eel Anguilla japonica in Korea. Journal of Fish Diseases, 41(11): 1745-1750, 2018b. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12881
  19. Kim, N. E.: Comparative analysis of the phenotypes and genotypes of Edwardsiella isolates from various fish hosts and regions in Korea (Doctoral thesis, Pukyong National University), 2022.
  20. Kim, S. K., Lee, B. I., Kim, D. J. and Lee, N. S.: Development of the slurry type diet for the growing leptocephalus, eel larvae (Anguilla japonica). Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education, 26(6): 1209-1216, 2014. https://doi.org/10.13000/JFMSE.2014.26.6.1209
  21. Kim, S. M., Ko, S. M., Jin, J. H., Seo, J. S., Lee, M. S., Kim, Y. S., Koo, J. H. and Bae, Y. R.: Infection characteristics of viral endothelial necrosis (VECNE) occurring in domestically farmed eels (Anguilla japonica, Anguilla bicolar). Journal of the Korean Society of Ichthyology, 30(4): 185-193, 2018. https://doi.org/10.35399/ISK.30.4.1
  22. Kim, W. S, Ok, H. N, Kim, D. H., Kim, H. Y. and Oh, M. J.: Current status of pathogen infection in cultured eel Anguilla japonica between 2000 and 2010. Journal of Fish Pathology, 24(3): 237-245, 2011. https://doi.org/10.7847/JFP.2011.24.3.237
  23. Le, H., LiHua, D., JianJun, F., Peng, L. and Song Lin, G.: Immunogenicity study of an expressed outer membrane protein U of Vibrio vulnificus in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). Journal of Applied Microbiology, 125(6): 1642-1654, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14068
  24. Madsen, H. C., Buchmann, K. and Mellergaard, S.: Trichodina sp. (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) in eel Anguilla anguilla in recirculation systems in Denmark: host-parasite relations. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 42(2): 149-152, 2000. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao042149
  25. Mizutani, T., Sayama, Y., Nakanishi, A., Ochiai, H., Sakai, K., Wakabayashi, K., Tanaka, N., Miura, E., Kyrane, I., Saijo, M., Morikawa, S. and Ono, S. I.: Novel DNA virus isolated from samples showing endothelial cell necrosis in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Virology, 412(1): 179-187, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2010.12.057
  26. Nisibuchi, M. and Muroga, K.: Pathogenic Vibrio Isolated from Cultured Eels-V Serological Studies. Fish Pathology, 14(3): 117-124, 1980. https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.14.117
  27. Okazaki, S., Yasumoto, S., Koyama, S., Tsuchiaka, S., Naoi, Y., Omatsu, T., Ono, S.-I. and Mizutani, T.: Detection of Japanese eel endothelial cells-infecting virus in Anguilla japonica elvers. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 78(4): 705-707, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.15-0515
  28. Rijsewijk, F., Pritz-Verschuren, S., Kerkhoff, S., Botter, A., Willemsen, M., van Nieuwstadt, T. and Haenen, O.: Development of a polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Anguillid herpesvirus DNA in eels based on the herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene. Journal of Virological Methods, 124(1-2): 87-94, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.11.007
  29. Sano M., Fukuda H. and Sano T.: Isolation and characterization of a new herpesvirus from eel. In: Pathology in Marine Science 1998 (ed. by T.O. Perkins & T.C. Cheng), pp. 15-31. Academic Press, New York. 1990.
  30. Son, M. H., Kim, K. W., Kim, K. D. and Kim S. K.: State of Aquaculture Management for Optimal Rearing of Eel Anguilla japonica. Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 44(4): 359-365, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2011.0359
  31. Sun, H. Y., Cao, X. H., Jiang, Y. F., Ni, L. Y., Mo, Z. Q., Qin, Q. W., Li, Y. W. and Dan, X. M.: Outbreak of a novel disease associated with Citrobacter freundii infection in freshwater cultured stingray, Potamotrygon motoro. Aquaculture, 492: 35-39, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.03.058
  32. Ueno, Y., Kitao, T., Chen, S. N., Aoki, T. and Kou, G. H.: Characterization of a herpes-like virus isolated from cultured Japanese eels in Taiwan. Fish Pathology, 27(1): 7-17, 1992.
  33. Weisburg, W. G., Barns, S. M., Pelletier, D. A. and Lane, D. J.: 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. Journal of Bacteriology, 173(2): 697-703, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.173.2.697-703.1991
  34. Yasunaga, N.:Etiological agent of red fin disease in cultured European eels. Fish Pathology, 7(1): 72-76, 1972. https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.7.72
  35. Yi, S. W., You, M. J., Cho, H. S., Lee, C. S., Kwon, J. K. and Shin, G. W.: Molecular characterization of Aeromonas species isolated from farmed eels (Anguilla japonica). Veterinary Microbiology, 164 (1-2): 195-200, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.006