Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems (지능정보연구)

Korea Intelligent Information System Society (한국지능정보시스템학회)
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Factors Affecting Individual Effectiveness in Metaverse Workplaces and Moderating Effect of Metaverse Platforms: A Modified ESP Theory Perspective

메타버스 작업공간의 개인적 효과에 영향 및 메타버스 플랫폼의 조절효과에 대한 연구: 수정된 ESP 이론 관점으로

  • Jooyeon Jeong (Department of Big Data Analytics, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Ohbyung Kwon (School of Management, Kyung Hee University)
  • 정주연 (경희대학교 빅데이터응용학과) ;
  • 권오병 (경희대학교 경영대학)
  • Received : 2023.12.01
  • Accepted : 2023.12.14
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

After COVID-19, organizations have widely adopted platforms such as zoom or developed their proprietary online real-time systems for remote work, with recent forays into incorporating the metaverse for meetings and publicity. While ongoing studies investigate the impact of avatar customization, expansive virtual environments, and past virtual experiences on participant satisfaction within virtual reality or metaverse settings, the utilization of the metaverse as a dedicated workspace is still an evolving area. There exists a notable gap in research concerning the factors influencing the performance of the metaverse as a workspace, particularly in non-immersive work-type metaverses. Unlike studies focusing on immersive virtual reality or metaverses emphasizing immersion and presence, the majority of contemporary work-oriented metaverses tend to be non-immersive. As such, understanding the factors that contribute to the success of these existing non-immersive metaverses becomes crucial. Hence, this paper aims to empirically analyze the factors impacting personal outcomes in the non-immersive metaverse workspace and derive implications from the results. To achieve this, the study adopts the Embodied Social Presence (ESP) model as a theoretical foundation, modifying and proposing a research model tailored to the non-immersive metaverse workspace. The findings validate that the impact of presence on task engagement and task involvement exhibits a moderating effect based on the metaverse platform used. Following interviews with participants engaged in non-immersive metaverse workplaces (specifically Gather Town and Ifland), a survey was conducted to gather comprehensive insights.

코로나 이후 기업들이 온라인 플랫폼에서 협업 또는 회의하는 방식이 일상화되고 있으며, 독자적인 온라인 실시간 시스템을 개발하여 원격 근무에 적극적으로 활용하기도 한다. 또한 회의 및 홍보를 위해 메타버스를 도입하려는 시도가 코로나 이후에도 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 이때문에 메타버스 환경에서 아바타 사용자 정의, 확장된 가상 환경, 지난 가상 경험 등이 참여자 만족도에 미치는 영향을 연구하는 연구가 진행 중이지만, 메타버스를 전용 작업 공간으로 활용하는 것에 대한 효과성 연구는 여전히 필요한 상황이다. 특히 업무 수행을 목적으로 하는 작업형 메타버스의 성과에 영향을 미치는 요소에 관한 연구는 아직 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 메타버스 작업 공간에서 개인 성과에 영향을 미치는 요소를 분석하고 결과에서 함의를 도출하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 이론적 기반으로 Embodied Social Presence(ESP) 이론을 채택하고, 비몰입적 메타버스 작업 공간에 특화된 수정모형을 사용한다. 모형 및 가설 검증을 위해 비몰입적 메타버스 작업장에 참여한 참가자들과의 인터뷰 이후에 Gather Town 및 IFland와 같은 비몰입적 메타버스 작업장에서 참여자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였다. 그 결과 작업 참여 및 업무 참여에 미치는 영향이 메타버스 플랫폼에 따라 조절효과를 나타낸다는 것을 확인했다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문 또는 저서는 2020년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (NRF-2020S1A3A2A02093277)

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