DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Long-Term Fertilizer Practices on Rhizosphere Soil Autotrophic CO2-Fixing Bacteria under Double Rice Ecosystem in Southern China

  • Received : 2022.05.30
  • Accepted : 2022.09.20
  • Published : 2022.10.28

Abstract

Soil autotrophic bacterial communities play a significant role in the soil carbon (C) cycle in paddy fields, but little is known about how rhizosphere soil microorganisms respond to different long-term (35 years) fertilization practices under double rice cropping ecosystems in southern China. Here, we investigated the variation characteristics of rhizosphere soil RubisCO gene cbbL in the double rice ecosystems of in southern China where such fertilization practices are used. For this experiment we set up the following fertilizer regime: without any fertilizer input as a control (CK), inorganic fertilizer (MF), straw returning (RF), and organic and inorganic fertilizer (OM). We found that abundances of cbbL, 16S rRNA genes and RubisCO activity in rhizosphere soil with OM, RF and MF treatments were significantly higher than that of CK treatment. The abundances of cbbL and 16S rRNA genes in rhizosphere soil with OM treatment were 5.46 and 3.64 times higher than that of CK treatment, respectively. Rhizosphere soil RubisCO activity with OM and RF treatments increased by 50.56 and 45.22%, compared to CK treatment. Shannon and Chao1 indices for rhizosphere soil cbbL libraries with RF and OM treatments increased by 44.28, 28.56, 29.60, and 23.13% compared to CK treatment. Rhizosphere soil cbbL sequences with MF, RF and OM treatments mainly belonged to Variovorax paradoxus, uncultured proteobacterium, Ralstonia pickettii, Thermononospora curvata, and Azoarcus sp.KH33C. Meanwhile, cbbL-carrying bacterial composition was obviously influenced by soil bulk density, rhizosphere soil dissolved organic C, soil organic C, and microbial biomass C contents. Fertilizer practices were the principal factor influencing rhizosphere soil cbbL-carrying bacterial communities. These results showed that rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacterial communities were significantly changed under conditions of different long-term fertilization practices Therefore, increasing rhizosphere soil autotrophic bacteria community with crop residue and organic manure practices was found to be beneficial for management of double rice ecosystems in southern China.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2022JJ30352), Innovative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2022CX75), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872851).

References

  1. Tolli J, King GM. 2005. Diversity and structure of bacterial chemolithotrophic communities in pine forest and agroecosystem soils. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 8411-8418. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.12.8411-8418.2005
  2. Videmsek U, Hagn A, Suhadolc M, Radl V, Knicker H, Schloter M. 2009. Abundance and diversity of CO2-fixing bacteria in grassland soils close to natural carbon dioxide springs. Microb. Ecol. 58: 1-9.
  3. Yousuf B, Sanadhya P, Keshri J, Jha B. 2012. Comparative molecular analysis of chemolithoautotrophic bacterial diversity and community structure from coastal saline soils, Gujarat, India. BMC Microbiol. 12: 150-164. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-12-150
  4. Dong Z, Layzell DB. 2001. H2 oxidation, O2 uptake and CO2 fixation in hydrogen treated soils. Plant Soil 229: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004810017490
  5. Stein S, Selesi D, Schilling R, Pattis I, Schmid M, Hartmann A. 2005. Microbial activity and bacterial composition of H2-treated soils with net CO2 fixation. Soil Biol. Biochem. 37: 1938-1945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.02.035
  6. Yuan H, Ge T, Chen C, O'Donnell AG, Wu JS. 2012. Significant role for microbial autotrophy in the sequestration of soil carbon. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78: 2328-2336. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.06881-11
  7. Yuan H, Ge T, Zou S, Wu X, Liu S, Zhou P. 2013. Effect of land use on the abundance and diversity of autotrophic bacteria as measured by ribulose-1, 5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) large subunit gene abundance in soils. Biol. Fertil Soils 49: 609-616. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-012-0750-x
  8. Zhao K, Kong WD, Wang F, Long XE, Guo CY, Yue LY. 2018. Desert and steppe soils exhibit lower autotrophic microbial abundance but higher atmospheric CO2 fixation capacity than meadow soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 127: 230-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.09.034
  9. Wu X, Ge T, Wang W, Yuan H, Carl-Eric W, Zhu Z. 2015. Cropping systems modulate the rate and magnitude of soil microbial autotrophic CO2 fixation in soil. Front. Microbiol. 6: 379.
  10. Yuan HZ, Ge TD, Wu XH, Liu SL, Tong CL, Qin HL. 2012. Long-term field fertilization alters the diversity of autotrophic bacteria based on the ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) large-subunit genes in paddy soil. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 95: 1061-1071. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-011-3760-y
  11. Sombrero A, Benito A. 2010. Carbon accumulation in soil. Ten-year study of conservation tillage and crop rotation in a semi-arid area of Castile-Leon, Spain. Soil Tillage Res. 107: 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.02.009
  12. Chen Z, Luo XQ, Hu RG, Wu MN, Wu JS, Wei WX. 2010. Impact of long-term fertilization on the composition of denitrifier communities based on nitrite reductase analyses in a paddy soil. Microb. Ecol. 60: 850-861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-010-9700-z
  13. Fuchs G. 2011. Alternative pathways of carbon dioxide fixation: insights into the early evolution of life? Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 65: 631-658. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-090110-102801
  14. Alfreider A, Schirmer M, Vogt C. 2012. Diversity and expression of different forms of RubisCO genes in polluted groundwater under different redox conditions. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 79: 649-660. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01246.x
  15. Li PP, Chen WJ, Han YL, Wang DC, Zhang YT, Wu CF. 2020. Effects of straw and its biochar applications on the abundance and community structure of CO2-fixing bacteria in a sandy agricultural soil. J. Soil Sediment 20: 2225-2235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02584-5
  16. Yang XY, Ren WD, Sun BH, Zhang SL. 2012. Effects of contrasting soil management regimes on total and labile soil organic carbon fractions in a loess soil in China. Geoderma 177-178: 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.033
  17. Tang HM, Li C, Xiao XP, Pan XC, Cheng KK, Shi LH. 2020. Effects of long-term fertiliser regime on soil organic carbon and its labile fractions under double cropping rice system of southern China. Acta Agr. Scand B-S P. 70: 409-418.
  18. Tang HM, Xiao XP, Tang WG, Li C, Wang K, Li WY. 2018. Long-term effects of NPK fertilizers and organic manures on soil organic carbon and carbon management index under a double-cropping rice system in Southern China. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 49: 1976-1989. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2018.1492600
  19. Blake GR, Hartge KH. 1986. Bulk density. In Klute A (ed.), pp. 363-375. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I: Physical and Mineralogical Methods Agronomy Monograph No. 9. ASA-SSSA, Madison.
  20. Bremner JM. 1996. Nitrogen total. In Bartels JM (ed.), pp. 1085-1121. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods. SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  21. Jones DL, Willett VB. 2006. Experimental evaluation of methods to quantify dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 38: 991-999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.012
  22. Wu J, Joergensen RG, Pommerening B. 1990. Measurement of soil microbial biomass by fumigation-extraction-an automated procedure. Soil Biol. Biochem. 20: 1167-1169.
  23. Ezaki S, Maeda N, Kishimoto T, Atomi H, Imanaka T. 1999. Presence of a structurally novel type ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase in the hyperthermophilic archaeon, Pyrococcus kodakaraensis KOD1. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 5078-5082. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.8.5078
  24. Lu J, Qiu KC, Li WX, Wu Y, Ti JS, Chen F, et al. 2019. Tillage systems influence the abundance and composition of autotrophic CO2- fixing bacteria in wheat soils in North China. Eur. J. Soil Biol. 93: 103086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2019.103086
  25. SAS. 2008. SAS Software of the SAS System for Windows. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
  26. Tang HM, Li C, Wen L, Li WY, Shi LH, Cheng KK, et al. 2020. Microbial carbon source utilization in rice rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in a 34-year fertilized paddy field. J. Basic Microb. 60: 1004-1013. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.202000452
  27. Stursova M, Zifcakova L, Leigh MB, Burgess R, Baldrian P. 2012. Cellulose utilization in forest litter and soil: identification of bacterial and fungal decomposers. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 80: 735-746. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01343.x
  28. Jia R, Wang K, Li L, Qu Z, Shen WS, Qu D. 2020. Abundance and community succession of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ferrihydrite enriched cultures of paddy soils is closely related to Fe(III)-reduction. Sci. Total Environ. 720: 137633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137633
  29. Yuan H, Ge T, Chen X, Liu S, Zhu Z, Wu X. 2015. Abundance and diversity of CO2-assimilating bacteria and algae within red agricultural soils are modulated by changing management practice. Microb. Ecol. 70: 971-780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-015-0621-8
  30. Xiao KQ, Bao P, Bao QL, Jia Y, Huang FY, Su JQ. 2014. Quantitative analyses of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (RubisCO) large-subunit genes (cbbL) in typical paddy soils. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 87: 89-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12193
  31. Sewlesi D, Pattis I, Schmid M, Kandeler E, Hartmann A. 2007. Quantification of bacterial RubisCO genes in soils by cbbL targeted real-time PCR. J. Microbiol. Methods 69: 497-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2007.03.002
  32. Fierer N, Jackson RB. 2006. The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities. PNAS 103: 626-631. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507535103
  33. Case SDC, Mcnamara NP, Reay DS, Whitaker J. 2012. The effect of biochar addition on N2O and CO2 emissions from a sandy loam soil-the role of soil aeration. Soil Biol. Biochem. 51: 125-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.03.017